Umkhosi weTihar eNepal

Umkhosi weTihar eNepal umkhosi wesibili omkhulu ngemva kukaDashain. Ungumkhosi wezinsuku ezinhlanu ovame ukuba ngenyanga ka-October noma ngo-November ekhalendeni likaGregory. Kwenzeka eKartik, ngokwekhalenda le-Nepal Sambat.

Umkhosi unamagama amaningana, njenge-Deepawali ne-Yamapanchak. Kungomunye wemikhosi ejabulisa kakhulu eNepal lapho bonke abantu baseNepal bekhanyisa izindlu zabo nemigwaqo ngezibani ezimibalabala. Ngakho-ke, lo mkhosi waziwa nangokuthi "Umkhosi Wezibani." I-Tihar inendawo ekhethekile ezinhliziyweni zabo bonke abantu baseNepali. Umkhosi uqala ngo-Kaag Puja futhi uphethe ngo-Bhai Tika ngosuku lwesihlanu. Ake sifunde okwengeziwe ngomkhosi we-Tihar!

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Amaqiniso ngeTihar

Ngaphambi kokuthi singene emininingwaneni eyinkimbinkimbi ye-Tihar, ake sibheke amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngeTihar:

• I-Tihar ingumkhosi wezinsuku ezinhlanu futhi owaziwa nangokuthi i-Deepawali noma i-Festival of Lights.
• Unkulunkulukazi uLaxmi kanye neNkosi Yama bakhulekelwa eTihar.
• Amagwababa, izinja, izinkomo nezinkabi kukhulekelwa kulo mkhosi.
• Izingane kanye nabantu abadala bangena umuzi nomuzi becula iDeusi neBhailo (izingoma zomdabu).
• Imindeni ibuthana ndawonye, ​​yenza idili, ishintshisane ngezipho, nama-fly kite.
• Izindlu, imigwaqo namathempeli kukhanyiswa ngamakhandlela, izibani zikawoyela nezibani ezimibalabala.
• Usuku lokugcina lwe-Tihar lugubha izibopho zezelamani.

Yini eyenza uMkhosi weTihar uhluke kangaka?

I-Tihar, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Deepawali, umkhosi wezinsuku ezinhlanu. Ungumkhosi wesibili omkhulu eNepal. Kunezici eziningana ezenza umkhosi uhluke kuneminye imikhosi yezwe. Igubha onkulunkulu nezilwane, kanye nezibopho zezelamani.

Phakathi nezinsuku ezinhlanu, kuhlonishwa amagwababa, izinja, izinkomo nezinkabi. Lezi zilwane zinezimpawu ezikhethekile ezinganekwaneni zamaHindu. Futhi banezibopho ezikhethekile nabantu. Ngokufanayo, unkulunkulu wokufa, iNkosi uYama, nonkulunkulukazi wengcebo nokuchuma, uLaxmi, nabo bayakhulekelwa. Abantu bahlanza futhi bahlobise amakhaya abo futhi benze amasiko ahlukahlukene phakathi nomkhosi. Basebenzisa izibani zikawoyela, amakhandlela nezibani ezimibalabala ukuze bakhanyise amakhaya abo futhi bamukele unkulunkulukazi uLaxmi. Ngokufanayo, i-Tihar ibuye igubhe ukunqoba kokuhle phezu kokubi.

I-Tihar ukuphela komkhosi ogubha izibopho zezelamani. Ngokwenganekwane yamaHindu, umfowabo kankulunkulukazi uYamuna wagula kakhulu, futhi unkulunkulu wokufa, uYama, weza ezothatha umphefumulo wakhe. Nokho, u-Yamuna wancenga u-Yama ukuthi alinde aze enze i-puja yokugcina yomfowabo owayefa. Wenza amasiko amade futhi wamgcoba i-tika esiphongweni somfowabo, wafaka amafutha ekhanda lakhe, nomqhele we-makhamali entanyeni yakhe. U-Lord Yama wahlabeka umxhwele ngokujulile futhi wanikela esifisweni sika-grand Yamuna. Khona-ke, wacela u-Yama ukuba angamthathi umfowabo kuze kube yilapho i-tika selifiphele, amafutha seyomile, negoda lezimbali selibunile. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuphila komfowabo kwasinda.

I-Tihar yaziwa nangokuthi "Yamapanchak," lapho "Yama" ibhekisela ku unkulunkulu wokufa futhi "I-Panchak" ibhekisela ku izinsuku ezinhlanu zomkhosi. Umphakathi waseNewar nawo ukhulekela wona kanye nemiphefumulo yawo ngesikhathi seTihar. Zonke lezi zici zenza i-Tihar ibe umkhosi oyingqayizivele.

Uyazi ukuthi kungani iTihar eNepal ibizwa ngokuthi uMkhosi Wezibani?

Njengoba sishilo ngenhla, I-Tihar uMkhosi Wezibani. Kugujwa ngezizathu eziningana, kodwa isizathu esiyinhloko siwukugubha ukunqoba kokukhanya phezu kobumnyama. Abazinikele bakhanyisa amakhaya abo nezindawo ezizungezile ngama- diyo (izibani zamafutha obumba), amakhandlela nezibani ezimibalabala. Izibani zifanekisela okuhle nokuhlanzeka. Ngakho-ke, ukukhanyisa izibani kukholelwa ukuthi kuqeda ububi nobumnyama.

Ngokufanayo, amaHindu akhulekela unkulunkulukazi uLaxmi phakathi neTihar. Abazinikele bakhanyisa izibani, amakhandlela, nezibani ukuze bamukele unkulunkulukazi wokuchuma ezindlini zabo. Bakholelwa ukuthi unkulunkulukazi uzobusisa abanikazi bezindlu ngenhlalakahle yezezimali namandla kaNkulunkulu. Izibani ezimibalabala nemihlobiso yengeza emkhathini wemikhosi yase-Tihar.

Ukubaluleka koMkhosi weTihar eNepal

Umkhosi we-Tihar awugcini nje ngokubukeka, kodwa futhi unezimpande ezijulile emphakathini waseNepalese. Ukubaluleka komkhosi we-Tihar e-Nepal imi kanje:

Ukubaluleka kwezenkolo

Umkhosi weTihar unokubaluleka okujulile kwenkolo kumaHindu. Abazinikele bakhulekela unkulunkulukazi uLaxmi nezinye izilwane ezinezimpawu ezikhethekile ezinganekwaneni zamaHindu: amagwababa, izinja, izinkomo nezinkabi. Benza amasiko ahlukahlukene futhi bafuna izibusiso nokuvikelwa. Ngokufanayo, umkhosi ufanekisela ukunqoba kokuhle noma ukukhanya phezu kobubi noma ubumnyama. Usuku lokugcina lomkhosi lugubha izibopho zezelamani, ezinenganekwane ehlobene ne-Lord Yama.

Ukubaluleka kwamasiko

Umkhosi we-Tihar nawo unokubaluleka kwamasiko. Inendawo ekhethekile kuzo zonke izinhliziyo zaseNepalese. Bahlobisa amakhaya abo, imigwaqo, nezindawo zomphakathi ngezibani, izimbali, ne-rangoli. Izingane zidlala i-deusi ne-bhailo zisuka ekhaya ngekhaya zizibusisa, futhi kukhona namakhonsathi amaningana amasiko. Umkhosi omibalabala futhi onamandla onokubaluleka kwamasiko okucebile.

Ukuhlangana komndeni

I-Festival of Lights ayigcini nje ngokubukeka kahle kodwa ihlanganisa imindeni ndawonye. Bahlangana ndawonye, ​​benze imikhosi ehlukahlukene, futhi benze idili ndawonye. Usuku lokugcina lwe-Tihar lugubha izibopho ezikhethekile phakathi kwezelamani. Odade bafaka ama- tika amibalabala emabunzini abafowabo bese befaka izimbali ze-makhamali, befisa ukuphila kwabo okude, impilo nokuchuma. Izihlobo ezikude nasekhaya nazo ziyabuya zihlangane. Ihlanganisa imindeni futhi ithuthukise ubuhlobo bomndeni.

Ukubaluleka kwezomnotho

Esinye isici esibalulekile somkhosi we-Tihar eNepal ukubaluleka kwawo kwezomnotho. Ngosuku lwesithathu lomkhosi, unkulunkulukazi wengcebo, uLaxmi, ukhulekelwa abazinikele abangamaHindu.. Abantu bahlanza futhi bahlobise amakhaya abo namahhovisi ukuze bamukele unkulunkulukazi. Benza futhi i-puja ukuze bajabulise unkulunkulukazi futhi bathole izibusiso zakhe. Kukholakala ukuthi uletha inhlalakahle yezezimali ezindlini nasemahhovisi.

Ezokuvakasha

I-Tihar ingumkhosi wesibili omkhulu eNepal. Iheha abavakashi abaningi abafuna ukuvakashela izwe ukuze bathole ulwazi lwamasiko. Umkhosi uyithuba elihle kakhulu lokuthi abantu bangaphandle bazizwele isiko lamaNepali. Ngokufanayo, libonisa ukunotha kwesiko lamaNepali kanye nokuzwana ngokwenkolo ezweni. I-Tihar ngumkhosi obalulekile okhuthaza ezokuvakasha eNepal. Ngakho-ke, kunomthelela futhi emnothweni wezwe.

Ugujwa kanjani uMkhosi we-Tihar?

Kunezindlela eziningana zokubungaza umkhosi weTihar. Zimi kanje:

Ukuhlobisa amakhaya kanye nemigwaqo

Abantu bahlanza futhi bahlobise amakhaya abo, amahhovisi, nemigwaqo ukuze bamukele umkhosi weTihar. Bahlobisa amakhaya abo ngemihlobiso yezimbali nezibani. Ngokufanayo, benza ama-rangoli anemibala noma ama-mandala. Kuwumkhuba wansuku zonke eTihar ukukhanyisa amalambu kawoyela, amakhandlela, noma izibani ezindlini. Imihlobiso iyathandeka ngobuhle. Ngokufanayo, kwenza umoya wemikhosi ujabule. Ngokufanayo, libonisa isiko elicebile nesiko laseNepal.

Ukukhulekela unkulunkulukazi uLaxmi

Umkhosi ugubha ukukhanya phezu kobumnyama, futhi abantu bahlobisa amakhaya abo ukuze bamukele unkulunkulukazi uLaxmi, unkulunkulukazi wamaHindu wengcebo nokuchuma. Abantu bakholelwa ukuthi izibani ziqondisa unkulunkulukazi ezindlini zabazinikele. Abanye futhi badweba imigqa emincane ngodaka olubomvu futhi bayihlobise ngama-diyos nezimbali ukuze bamukele u-Goddess Laxmi ezindlini zabo. Bakhulekela unkulunkulukazi futhi banikela ngamaswidi nezinye iziqholo. Ngokufanayo, kukholakala ukuthi uLaxmi ubusisa amakhaya abantu abazinikezele kuye ngokuphila kahle ngokwezimali nokuchuma.

Ukubeka ama-kas anemibala kanye ne-garland

Ngesikhathi somkhosi weTihar, isibopho phakathi komfowethu nodadewabo siyagujwa. Odade babeka ama- tika ayisikhombisa amibalabala emabunzini abafowabo. Ngokufanayo, baphinde babeke izimbali ze-makhamali futhi banikeze amadili. Bathandazela inhlalakahle yomzalwane, ukuchuma nokuphila isikhathi eside. Abazalwane nabo, babeka ama- tika emabunzini odadewabo futhi babanikeze imali nezipho. Umkhosi uthuthukisa isibopho nothando phakathi kwabafowethu nodadewethu.

Ukucula nokudansa

Kunezinhlelo eziningana zamasiko ezenzeka phakathi noMkhosi Wezibani. Izingane ezincane zakha iqembu futhi zidlala i-deusi ne-bhailo. Bangena indlu ngendlu futhi becula izingoma zesintu nemidanso. Izinhlamvu zengoma ziqukethe izibusiso kumninikhaya, zimfisela impumelelo. Abanikazi bezindlu baphinde babanikeze imali, amaswidi nezithelo uma beshintshana.

Ukuzilibazisa nemindeni

Phakathi neTihar, kulungiselelwa izibiliboco ezihlukahlukene, futhi imikhaya iyabuthana ukuze idle ndawonye. I-Sel roti (isidlo sendabuko saseNepali) ngokuvamile silungiswa kanye namaswidi ahlukene nezinye izitsha. I-Sel roti ivame ukulungiswa phakathi nemicimbi ejabulisayo. Lezi zitsha zinikelwa konkulunkulu nomakhelwane. Kukholakala ukuthi ukwabelana ngokudla kuyindlela yokusabalalisa injabulo nezibusiso.

Izinsuku ezi-5 zeTihar

Usuku 1: Kaag Tihar

Usuku lokuqala lwe-Tihar yi-Kaag Tihar noma usuku lokukhonza iCrow. Ngokwezinganekwane zamaHindu, igwababa liyisithunywa sikankulunkulu wokufa, iNkosi Yama. Kukholakala ukuthi amagwababa amatasa unyaka wonke. Futhi uKaag Tihar uwukuphela kosuku abathola ngalo ukuphumula. Ngakho, abantu bakhonza amagwababa ngalolu suku ukuze bashwelezwe futhi bafune ukuvikeleka ekufeni. Banikeza ukudla okufana nelayisi, okusanhlamvu, nembewu ophahleni noma ezindaweni ezivulekile.

Usuku 2: Kukur Tihar

I-Kukur Tihar wusuku lwesibili lomkhosi. Ngalolu suku, izinja ziyakhulekelwa futhi zigujwe ngobuqotho nobungane bazo. AmaHindu akholelwa ukuthi izinja ziqapha amasango eNaraka (Isihogo) futhi ziholela imiphefumulo yomufi ezulwini. Ngokufanayo, kukholakala ukuthi i-Lord Yas inezinja ezimbili eziqaphayo ezinamehlo amane. Ngakho, izinja zikhulekelwa ngokufaka i-tika emabunzini azo kanye nemigexo yezimbali ezintanyeni zazo.

Usuku 3: Gai Tihar / Laxmi Puja

Usuku lwesithathu lweTihar luwusuku olubaluleke kakhulu lomkhosi. AmaHindu akhulekela inkomo yesilwane esingcwele ekuseni ngosuku lwesithathu lukaTihar. Lezi zilwane ezingcwele zibhekwa njenge-vahan kaNkulunkulukazi uLaxmi, unkulunkulu wamaHindu wengcebo nokuchuma. Izinkomo zinikeza abantu ubisi olunomsoco. Isetshenziselwa ukwenza eminye imikhiqizo yobisi njengoshizi, i-curd, i-ghee, neminye eminingi. Umchamo wenkomo nawo unezinzuzo zezempilo. Ubulongwe bayo busetshenziswa njengomanyolo. Ngakho, amaHindu akhulekela izinkomo ngama- tikas nemihlobiso yezimbali futhi aziphakele.

Kusihlwa, kukhulekelwa unkulunkulukazi wengcebo, uLaxmi. Abantu bahlanza amakhaya abo futhi bawahlobise ngezimbali ze-marigold nezibani ezimibalabala. Ngokwesiko, ama-diyos (izibani zamafutha obumba) zikhanyiswa nxazonke zezindlu. Abantu bahlobisa nezindlu nemigwaqo yabo ngezibani zikawoyela, amakhandlela nezibani ezimibalabala. Amantombazane amancane avakashela indlu ngendlu, ecula izingoma ze-bhailo futhi ebusisa imindeni. Bona-ke, banikeza imali, amaswidi, nezithelo.

Usuku 4: Govardan Puja / Ox Puja

Usuku lwesine lweTihar nguGovardan Puja. Ngalolu suku, amaHindu akhulekela izinkabi, okubalulekile kwezolimo nomsebenzi wezandla. Ngokufanayo, amaHindu enza inqwaba yobulongwe efanekisela intaba yaseGovardhan futhi ayikhulekele. Umphakathi waseNewar nawo ugubha uMha Puja ngalolu suku. Bazikhulekela bona nemiphefumulo yabo.

Kusihlwa, abafana abancane bavakashela indlu ngendlu becula i-deusi. Njengobhailo, babusisa imikhaya futhi bathola imali, amaswidi nezithelo.

Usuku 5: Bhai tika

Usuku lokugcina lweTihar nguBhai Tika. Kungolunye lwezinsuku ezibaluleke kakhulu zomkhosi njengoba kugujwa isibopho sabafowethu nodadewethu noma izingane zakubo. Odade bagcoba amafutha emakhanda abazalwane nge-dubo (utshani obungcwele obusetshenziselwa ama-Hindu pujas) bese befaka ama- tika ayisikhombisa anemibala emabunzini abo. Bese bebeka izimbali ze-makhamali bazilungiselele amadili. Ngesikhathi seBhai Tika, odade bathandazela impilo ende yomfowabo kanye nokuchuma.

Abazalwane baphinde babeke leli phepha emabunzini odadewabo futhi babaphe izipho noma imali. Labo abangenazo izelamani baya ethempelini laseRanipokhari eKathmandu ukuze babeke leli culo. Ithempeli livulwa kuphela ngesikhathi se-Bhai Tika. Ngokwenkolelo yamaHindu, wonke umuntu kufanele abeke i- tika enemibala ngalolu suku. I-Bhai Tika ikhuthaza isibopho esiqinile nobudlelwano phakathi kwezelamani.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nomkhosi omkhulu wase-Nepal: I-Dashain Festival eNepal

Isiphetho

Umkhosi weTihar eNepal ubalulekile ngokwenkolo nangokwesiko. Ngakho-ke, i-Tihar igujwa ngenjabulo enkulu nomdlandla. Kukhona futhi izinganekwane nezinsumansumane mayelana nomkhosi. I-Tihar igubha onkulunkulu, izilwane nabantu. Futhi umkhosi omuhle kakhulu wokukhombisa isiko elicebile nokuvumelana kwenkolo kwabantu baseNepal.

Phakathi nomkhosi wezinsuku ezinhlanu, zonke izindlu nezitaladi zaseNepal ziyakhanyiswa futhi zihlotshiswe ngezibani ezimibalabala kanye nezimbali ze-marigold. Kukhona neziqhumane ngezikhathi ezithile esibhakabhakeni saseNepalese. Imindeni, abangani nezihlobo bahlangana ndawonye futhi baphane izipho. Ngokufanayo, izibopho zezelamani zijulile ngesikhathi seTihar. Umkhathi wayo oyingqayizivele nojabulisayo wenza i-Tihar ibe ngumkhosi wesibili ogujwa kakhulu eNepal!