Imikhosi Emikhulu eyi-15 eNepal

Imikhosi emikhulu e-Nepal, efana ne-Dashain, i-Tihar, i-Holi, ne-Teej, inikeza inhlanganisela eyingqayizivele yokuhlangenwe nakho kwamasiko. Zingajatshulelwa eduze nokuqwala izintaba ezinhle. Umkhosi omkhulu kunayo yonke i-Dashain, ewela ekwindla futhi ilungele ukuhamba ngezinyawo eNepal. I-Tihar, umkhosi waseNepal obizwa ngokuthi uMkhosi Wezibani, uthatha izinsuku ezinhlanu. Ihlonipha izilwane ezinjengamagwababa, izinja, nezinkomo kanye nesibopho phakathi kwezelamani nge-Bhai Tika.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, i-Holi umkhosi wasentwasahlobo lapho abantu begubha khona ngokujikijela imibala namabhaluni amanzi komunye nomunye. Umkhosi we-Teej ugujwa ikakhulukazi abesifazane abashadile abangadli futhi bathandazele abayeni babo. Le mikhosi ihlanganisa abantu futhi isize ekwakheni isibopho esiqinile.

I-Dashain (Vijaya Dashami)

UDashain , uMkhosi omude nobaluleke kakhulu eNepal , uhlala izinsuku ezingu-15. Ufanekisela ukunqoba kokuhle phezu kobubi. IGhatasthapana iwusuku lokuqala lweNavratri. Imindeni itshala i-jamara (imbewu yebhali) emakhaya nasemathempelini oMkhosi. Umkhosi oyinhloko yiVijaya Dashami . Lokhu kuphawulwa ukusetshenziswa kwabadala kwe-tika (ingxube yelayisi, i-yogurt, ne-vermilion) kanye ne-jamara ukubusisa amalungu omndeni amancane. UMkhosi uphela ngoKojagrat Purnima ngemithandazo eya kuNkulunkukazi uLaxmi yokuchuma.

Kubantu abahamba ngezinyawo, i-Dashain iyithuba lokujabulela isiko njengoba yonke idolobhana nedolobha laseNepal ligubha uMkhosi. Abantu bendawo abanobungane bangase bameme abahamba ngezinyawo ukuba bajoyine imigubho. Bangase banikeze ngisho nezibusiso kanye nezidlo zemikhosi. Izinkonzo zokuhamba ngezinyawo zingase zibe yindlala phakathi noMkhosi. Kodwa, umoya waseNepali nokufudumala kuthuthukisa imigubho ohambweni.

I-Tihar (Deepawali)

I-Tihar , noma i-Deepawali, umkhosi wezinsuku ezinhlanu. Usuku ngalunye lugxile kakhulu: amagwababa, izinja, izinkomo, izinkabi, futhi ekugcineni, ubuhlobo phakathi kwabafowethu nodadewethu. Ngesikhathi se-Laxmi Puja, ama-diyas (izibani zikawoyela) kanye ne-rangoli zihlobisa izakhiwo, amakhaya, kanye nemigwaqo. Ku-Kukur Tihar, abantu bavuza izinja ngokwethembeka kwazo. Ngosuku lokugcina, i-Bhai Tika, abafowethu nodadewethu bashintshana ngezipho ze-tika ukuze babonise ubuhlobo babo. Sekuyindawo yomphakathi egcwele ukukhanya, umculo, kanye nemikhosi ezweni lonke.

Umkhosi weTihar ugcwalisa ngisho nezindawo ezikude kakhulu eNepal ngemibala. Abahambi bangawubona lo mkhosi waminyaka yonke ohambweni lwabo. Imizila igcwele izindlu ezihlotshiswe ngokukhanya, futhi abantu bendawo bahlanganyela emikhubeni yendabuko efana ne-deusi-bhailo, lapho amaqembu ehlabelela futhi edansa khona endlini ngendlu. Uzohlangana nezilwane ezigqoke imihlobiso yezimbali. Iningi labantu bendawo linobungane kubahambi, linikeza i-tika noma amaswidi endabuko.

Chhath

I-Chhath ngumkhosi wokuzinikela. Wenziwa kakhulu esifundeni saseTerai eNepal ukuhlonipha uSurya, uNkulunkulu wokuphila nengcebo. Lo Mkhosi uthatha izinsuku ezine. Uhlanganisa ukugeza okungokwesiko, ukungadli, kanye nokukhulekela ilanga ekuseni nakusihlwa. Abakhulekeli bageza emifuleni nasemachibini, ikakhulukazi ngosuku lwesithathu, uSandhya Arghya. Ngosuku lokugcina lokuzila ukudla, i-Usha Arghya igubha imithandazo elangeni eliphumayo. Lokhu kuvumela imindeni ukuthi iqede ukuzila ukudla ngesimo sokubonga.

Abahambi abahamba ngezinyawo abavakashela iTerai ngesikhathi somkhosi weChhath bangabuka imikhosi yayo enokuthula eceleni komfula. Abazinikele bama emanzini bame ngamadolo bese bethandaza enkosini yabo ekuseni noma kusihlwa. Lo Mkhosi uvumela abantu ukuthi babone ukuzinikela kwabantu beTerai. Bangaphinde banambithe ukudla okufana ne-thekua, ikhukhi elimnandi nelicwebezelayo elenziwe nge-jaggery ne-ghee.

Shree Krishna Janmashtami

UJanmashtami, noma uKrishna Janmashtami, umcimbi wokugubha ukuzalwa kweNkosi uKrishna . Ungumzimba wesishiyagalombili weNkosi uVishnu. Abazinikele bawudlala ngentshiseko enkulu kulo lonke izwe. Kodwa, ubonakala kakhulu emathempelini eNkosi uKrishna. Ugujwa ngo-Agasti noma ngoSepthemba. Namuhla, abantu bazila ukudla, bacule, badanse, futhi benze izigcawu zasebuntwaneni bukaKrishna, ezibizwa ngokuthi uKrishna Leela.

Imithandazo eminingana iyenzeka emini, futhi iphela phakathi kwamabili, okuthiwa ukuzalwa kweNkosi uKrishna. I-Janmashtami iyabonakala eNepal, ikakhulukazi eKrishna Mandir ePatan Durbar Square . Phakathi nalo Mkhosi, umuntu angafunda ngamasiko endawo bese eya emikhosini naseprasad.

Maha Shivaratri

IMaha Shivaratri ingenye yemikhosi ehlonishwa kakhulu eNepal. Ibanjelwa ebusuku iNkosi uShiva, owaziwa njengombhubhisi wobubi. Kuwubusuku bokukhulekela obugujwa ngoFebhuwari noma ngoMashi. Ngalolu suku, abazinikele kumele baqhubeke nokuzila ukudla, bazindle, futhi banikele ngeminikelo kuNkosi uShiva. IShivaratri isho "ubusuku obunikezelwe kuShiva." Ngalobu busuku, kukholelwa ukuthi iNkosi uShiva idansa iTandava. Amathempeli kuzo zonke izifunda, ikakhulukazi iPashupatinath eNepal, azoba izindawo ezimatasa. Adonsela ama-sadhus amaningi kanye nabazinikele abavela emhlabeni wonke.

Lo mkhosi uhilela ukuhlala uphapheme ubusuku bonke. Abantu bahlabelela imithandazo, bavutha umlilo, futhi banikela nge-belpatra (amaqabunga e-Bael), ubisi, nezithelo kuShiva. UMkhosi ePashupatinath udonsela abantu abaningi. Bafika ukuzobuka umcimbi omkhulu 'we-aarti' osebeni loMfula iBagmati futhi bahlanganyele ezindlini zomoya. Abahambi abahamba eNepal ngesikhathi somkhosi weMaha Shivaratri bangabona umbono othakazelisayo. Imizila yokuhamba ingafaka amathempeli amancane noma izindawo ezingcwele zeShiva lapho abantu baya khona ukuyothandaza; abahamba ngezinyawo bangabona abantu bendawo bethandaza kuNkulunkulu onamandla.

I-Lhosar

I-Lhosar ngumkhosi obalulekile wamaqembu amaningana ezinhlanga. Lokhu kufaka phakathi amaSherpa, amaTamang, amaGurung, namaTibet . Ugujwa lapho kuqala unyaka omusha. INepal inezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zeLhosar. I-Tamu Lhosar ingeyeGurung. I-Sonam Lhosar ingeyeTamang. I-Gyalpo Lhosar ingeyeSherpas namaTibet . Ngayinye igujwa ngezikhathi ezahlukene zonyaka, ikakhulukazi phakathi kukaDisemba noFebhuwari, kuye ngomphakathi.

Umkhosi we-Lhosar uhlanganisa ukudansa kwendabuko, idili, nokubingelelana nezipho. Abantu bagqoka imvunulo yesintu, njenge-Bakkhu, ne-silver turquoise, inhlaka, nemihlobiso yamakhorali. Zifanekisela ingcebo, isivikelo, nenhlanhla. Imidanso yesintu enjengomdanso we-cham embozwe ifanekisela ukunqoba kokuhle kunobubi.

Holi

I-Holi ingenye yemikhosi enemibala eminingi futhi ejatshulelwa kakhulu eNepal . Ibonisa ukuqala kwentwasahlobo futhi ifanekiselwa indaba yezinganekwane zikaPrahlad noHolika. Igujwa kakhulu yimiphakathi yamaHindu, i-Holi yenzeka izinsuku ezimbili. Usuku lokuqala lugujwa ezindaweni ezinamagquma zaseNepal, njengasesigodini saseKathmandu, kanti olwesibili luseTerai. I-Holi igujwa ngokuphonsa imibala namanzi kuwo wonke umuntu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa neminye imisebenzi efana nokudansa, ukucula, nokuzijabulisa emigwaqweni.

Cishe wonke umuntu uyaphuma ukuzogubha kungakhathaliseki ubudala, ubulili, noma imvelaphi . EKathmandu, ePokhara, ngisho naseTerai, izivakashi eziningi zingajabulela imikhosi ngentshiseko efanayo neyabantu bendawo. Uma abagibeli bebanjwa ngaphakathi komunye wemikhosi evamile, lungelani ukugcotshwa ngemibala. Ngakho-ke kungcono ukugqoka i-T-shirt nebhulukwe elilula ukuwasha.

Tj

I-Teej ingenye yemikhosi emikhulu yamaHindu yabesifazane baseNepal. Ihlonipha ukuxhumana phakathi kukaGoddess Parvati noLord Shiva. I-Teej iyisenzakalo esihle. Abesifazane namantombazane bayigubha ukuze bafisele abayeni babo nemindeni yabo impilo ende nejabulisayo. Noma kunjalo, abanye besifazane bazophuza amanzi usuku lonke, kulandele imibuthano yasethempelini ephilayo.

I-Teej iphinde ibe uMkhosi Womdanso, lapho abantu behlabelela khona izingoma ze-Teej futhi bajabulele idili elikhulu elaziwa ngokuthi i-Dar ngobusuku bangaphambi kokuqala kokuzila. Kubantu abahamba ngezinyawo abavakashela iNepal ngesikhathi se-Teej, kuyisimangaliso samasiko esinemibala. Abahambi bazobona abesifazane bejabula ndawonye. Kunikeza ithuba lokubona imindeni yaseNepal kanye nezakhiwo zomphakathi . Kodwa-ke, umcimbi wabesifazane kuphela. Kuba yinto ejabulisayo kubavakashi besifazane ukubona isimo senjabulo, umculo ophilayo, umdanso, kanye nemiboniso yamasiko.

Gai Jatra

Igama elithi Gai Jatra lisho “umkhosi wezinkomo.” Ligujwa kakhulu eSigodini saseKathmandu, ikakhulukazi ngamaNewars. Lihlobene nokhokho abashona ngonyaka. Kuyisiko ukuthi amalungu omndeni alahlekelwe abathandekayo bawo kufanele ahole ngokuhudula inkomo emigwaqweni . Kuthiwa inkomo izosiza imiphefumulo yabafileyo ukuthi ifike kwelinye izwe. Imibono yenkolo kanye nokuhlekisana komphakathi yizici ezimbili ezivelele zoMkhosi.

Yize lo Mkhosi ubaluleke kakhulu kodwa ubuye waziwe ngabantu bakhona abagqoke imvunulo, izifihla-buso nemidlalo yasesiteji. Kubantu abaningi abahamba ngezinyawo e-Nepal, i-Gai Jatra ibilokhu ihlaba umxhwele, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifana ne-Kathmandu, i-Bhaktapur, ne-Patan. Kungumkhosi wokudabuka, ukuhleka, ukucabanga, kanye namaphathi.

Janai Purnima

UJanai Purnima, owaziwa nangokuthi iRaksha Bandhan , uwumkhosi oyingqayizivele wamaHindu aseNepal. Uqukethe amasiko okuhlanzwa afanekisela ukuzalwa kabusha kwezifungo, iJanai, intambo engcwele egqokwa ngokuvundlile esifubeni . Igqokwa ngamadoda adlule emkhosini wenkolo obizwa ngokuthi 'iBratabandha.' Ngalolu suku, amadoda aphinde agqoka iJanai ngemva kokugcotshwa kompristi. Futhi, izelamani zibopha intambo evikelayo, iRakshya Bandhan, ezihlakaleni zomunye nomunye. Ifanekisela uthando nesibopho esivikelayo.

UMaghe Sankranti

I-Maghe Sankranti, noma i-Makar Sankranti, umkhosi wamaHindu eNepal. Uphawula ukungena kwelanga esibonakalisweni se-Capricorn kanye nokuphela kobusika. Imindeni iyahlangana ukuze ilungiselele futhi ijabulele ukudla kwendabuko namaswidi. Amaswidi afaka phakathi imbewu yesesame i-laddus (Til ko laddu), i-molasses (Chaku), kanye nama-yam (tarul). Kuwukudla okuvamile kwasebusika okufudumeza umzimba.

Ezindaweni ezifana neChitwan neTerai, abantu bahlela amadili neminye imisebenzi yenkolo eduze komfula. Ngesikhathi soMkhosi, abantu bacwila emfuleni ngoba becabanga ukuthi uhlanza zonke izono zabo. Abantu baseTharu esifundeni saseTerai benza imisebenzi yamasiko, izingoma, kanye nemidanso ngesikhathi seMaghe Sankranti. Abahambi kanye nabanye abahambi bangabuka uhlanga lwabo. Kusukela emadolobheni asemakhaya kuya emadolobheni amakhulu eNepal, iMaghe Sankranti iyintokozo yemikhosi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi abahambi abafuna ukwazi ngamasiko acebile aleli zwe.

Buddha Jayanti

UBuddha Jayanti, noma uBuddha Purnima, uwumkhosi omkhulu eNepal. Uhlonipha ukuzalwa, ukukhanyiselwa, kanye ne-nirvana kaGautama Buddha. Ngalolu suku, abantu baya ezindlini zezindela kanye ne-stupa. Izindela ezidumile kanye ne-stupa ziseKathmandu nasezindaweni ezizungezile. Zihlanganisa i-stupas zeSwayambhunath kanye neBoudhanath. Abantu bayathandaza futhi banikela ngezibani zebhotela, izimbali, impepho, kanye nokudla kuBuddha.

Abahambi abavakashela eNepal ngesikhathi sikaBuddha Jayanti bathola ithuba lokubona ukuzinikela kanye nombukiso wamasiko . ILumbini, indawo yokuzalwa kukaBuddha, inemikhosi emikhulu . Ihlanganisa izingqungquthela, imithandazo, kanye nokuhlabelela imibhalo yobuBuddha. Imizila eminingi yokuhamba ngezinyawo ethonywe amaBuddha, ikakhulukazi i-Everest ne-Annapurna, inezindela kanye nama-gompa.

Yomari Purnima

I-Yomari Purnima iba ngosuku lwenyanga egcwele ngoNovemba, ikakhulukazi igujwa ngabantu baseNepal abaseNewar ukuze babonise ukuphela kweseshini yokukha irayisi. Ukulungiswa kwe-Yomari kuyinto ekhangayo kakhulu yoMkhosi. Yisidlo saseNewari esenziwe ngofulawa werayisi. Siyisakhiwo esinjengenhlanzi esinomolasi omnandi (i-chaku) noma imbewu yesesame esiswini sayo. Kukholakala ukuthi i-Yomari inenhlanhla, ngakho imindeni iyahlangana ukuze ilungiselele lesi sidlo ngesikhathi soMkhosi.

Kubantu abahamba ngezinyawo abavakashela e-Kathmandu, kuyithuba lokuxhumana nesiko laseNewari. Imikhosi yemigwaqo yase-Bhaktapur ne-Patan igcwele injabulo, futhi i-Yomari eyenzelwe lesi senzakalo inephunga elimnandi. Ama-Trekkers anganambitha lokhu kudla kwemikhosi ngenkathi ejabulela uhambo oluhle lwamasiko e-Yomari Purnima.

Rato Machhendranath Jatra

I-Rato Machhendranath Jatra ingenye yemikhosi emidala kakhulu futhi ematasa kakhulu eSigodini saseKathmandu . Ibanjelwa kakhulu ePatan, eLalitpur. Idumisa uRato Machhindranath, uNkulunkulu wemvula nokuvuna. Igujwa eBaisakh (Ephreli-Meyi) futhi ihilela udwendwe olukhulu lwezinqola. Abazinikele badonsa inqola enkulu ethwele unkulunkulu emigwaqweni. Umculo wendabuko, imidanso, kanye nemikhosi ephilayo iyahambisana nayo.

Lo Mkhosi uqukethe nemikhuleko yokuna kwemvula enhle, okubalulekile kubalimi. Kubantu abahamba ngezinyawo eNepal ngalesi sikhathi, i-Jatra ingaba umbukwane wamasiko othokozisayo nojabulisayo. Umuntu angabuka ama-bazas ashisekayo ajoyina imikhosi kahulumeni kanye nomoya wenjabulo weSigodi saseKathmandu. Lo Mkhosi uhambisana nabahambi abafuna ukwazi ngomphakathi waseNewar namasiko awo.

Nag Panchmi

I-Nag Panchami ngumkhosi wamaHindu ogujwa kakhulu eNepal. Ngalolu suku, abakhulekeli banikela ngemithandazo, ubisi, nezimbali ezinyokeni noma ezithombeni ukuze bagweme ukuhlaselwa yizinyoka futhi bahehe ukuchuma nenhlanhla. Abantu baya emathempelini enkolo nasezindaweni zemvelo zezinyoka, okuhlanganisa izindawo zamanzi njengamachibi nemifula.

Ngesikhathi se-Nag Panchmi, abahambi e-Nepal bangaxhumana ngokuqondile nabantu bendawo ukuze bafunde ngencazelo yomcimbi. Lo Mkhosi uphinde uhambe ibanga elide ekuchazeni izinkolelo eziqinile mayelana nemvelo.

Yini ongayilindela Emikhosini yaseNepal?

Kubantu abahamba ngezinyawo abavakashela eNepal ngezikhathi zemikhosi, isipiliyoni siyingqayizivele futhi siyacebisa. Imikhosi yaseNepal iletha umuzwa wenjabulo nobunye. Imigwaqo nemizi ihlotshiswe ngemihlobiso emibalabala. Zihlanganisa izibani, izimbali, namaphethini ahlukene avela kuzimpushana ezinemibala. Abagibeli bangase babone amakhayithi endiza ezindaweni ezivulekile. Le misebenzi yakha isimo samasiko esijabulisayo.

Ama-Trekkers angajoyina lezi zidlo zamafestivali, imidanso yamaqembu, imidanso yomphakathi, nomculo. Izinga lokungenisa izihambi ngalezi zikhathi zonyaka liphezulu kakhulu. Abantu bezwe banothando futhi bayaphana, babelana ngamasiko abo ngobuqotho nangemfudumalo. Imikhosi ivumela abahamba ngezinyawo ukuthi bahlangane nabantu futhi bafunde ngeNepal. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nohambo olulula phakathi nale sizini lungaba uhambo lwamasiko lokuphila konke.

Hlobo luni lwezingubo okufanele uzigqoke emikhosini yaseNepal?

Phakathi nezinkathi zemikhosi eNepal, izingubo zomdabu zibalulekile emikhosini. Abantu bavame ukugqoka izingubo ezigqamile, ezingokomfanekiso. Emikhosini efana ne-Dashain, i-Tihar, ne-Teej, abesifazane bagqoka ama-saree noma ama-Kurthas. Ngezikhathi ezisemthethweni, amadoda aseNepal akhetha ukugqoka i-daura suruwal. Wonke umuntu akadingi ukugqoka izingubo zalolu hlobo. Abanye bathanda izingubo zesimanje ezihlanganisa izingubo zendabuko nezesimanje.

Kwamanye amadili amasiko akwaLhosar eNepal, abantu bagqoka i-bakkhu. Kuyimpahla yesintu enebhande lomklami okhalweni. Imiphakathi ye-Sherpa, Tamang, neGurung ihlela le mibhiyozo. Ngesikhathi se-Udhauli ne-Ubhuali, imikhosi igujwa imiphakathi yase-Yakkha, i-Rai, ne-Limbu. Lapha, uzothola abantu behlobise imvunulo yabo yobuzwe. Izivakashi kanye nabahamba ngezinyawo akudingekile ukuthi bagqoke izingubo zesintu. Noma kunjalo, bavame ukukhuthazwa ukuba bamukele umoya wemikhosi ngokugqoka izingubo ezinemibala eyengeziwe noma eziphefumulelwe endaweni ukuze bahlanganyele emikhosini ngenhlonipho nangomdlandla.

Isiphetho

Imikhosi emikhulu e-Nepal ihlanganisa i-Dashain, i-Tihar, ne-Buddha Jayanti. Imikhosi enjalo ibonisa amasiko nezindinganiso ezihlukile zesiko lesizwe. Phakathi nalezi zinkathi zonyaka, abahambi bangaxhumana nabantu baseNepali. Bangakwazi ngisho ukufakaza futhi bahlanganyele kwezobuciko zomoya, umdanso, umculo, ukucula, namasiko. Le mikhosi iyakwamukela futhi iphelelise uhambo hhayi nje kuphela mayelana nohambo lwezintaba kodwa nangomoya walelizwe.

Imikhosi emikhulu eNepal