Umnqobi Wemiklomelo Yokukhetha Abahambi ka-2024/25/26
“Kunzima Kangakanani Ukukhuphuka I-Everest?” kungase kube umbhalo we-Google oseshwe kakhulu; I-Life Himalaya inempendulo yayo. Le bhulogi ihlinzeka ngencazelo ejulile yokuthi I-Hard Everest iwukuba kanjani ngempumelelo ukuhlanganisa i-Everest, kanye nawo wonke ama-trinkets ahilelekile phakathi neNgqungquthela Yesiqongo Esiphakeme Kakhulu Emhlabeni, i-Mount Everest, “Uphahla Lomhlaba.”
I-Mount Everest, njengoba iningi lethu lazi kakade, iyintaba ephakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle. Isiqongo seMount Everest ingamamitha angu-8,848.86 futhi iyanda.
Indawo yeMount Everest: Itholakala emngceleni weNepal neChina, Iningi leMount Everest kanye neNgqungquthela yeNtaba i-Everest iwela ngaphakathi komngcele waseNepal.
Izwe: eNepal
Isifunda: Solukhumbu
National Park: (Everest) Sagarmatha National Park
I-Latitude ne-Longitude: 27.9882°N, 86.9254°E
I-Sagarmatha (सगरमाथा) — Ngolimi lwesiNepali, okusho ukuthi “Ibunzi Lesibhakabhaka” noma “Unkulunkulukazi Wesibhakabhaka.”
Chomolungma/ Qomolangma— Ngolimi LwaseTibet, okusho ukuthi “Unkulunkulukazi Umama Wezwe” noma “Umama Ongcwele.”
Umbuzo othi “Kunzima Kangakanani Ukuqwala i-Everest?” inezimpendulo eziningi nezincazelo ezihlukahlukene. Ikakhulukazi, Abantu babhekisela kuyo ngokuthi "Kunzima" njengobunzima bomzimba. Kodwa kujule kunalokho - Kufanekisela inselelo enkulu kubathandi be-adventure emhlabeni jikelele. Kudlula ubunzima bomzimba; isho inselele yengqondo, isifiso sokuvelela, amandla okuthatha ubungozi, ukuhlela, ubuchwepheshe, ukuhlelwa kwezimali kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali, isikhathi, kanye nokuzibonela ngokwakho ukubaluleka kwe-Climbing Everest kithina.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwazi ukuthi “ Kunzima Kangakanani ukukhuphuka i-Everest?' izindaba ngoba kusiza abaqwali kanye nabangase bakwazi ukuqwala izintaba ukuba babone imivuzo yokuqwala isiqongo, bazi ukuthi yiziphi izici ezihilelekile ekwenzeni umuntu ongashadile akwazi ukufinyelela esiqongweni sezwe Lifundisa indlela yokuba umqwali oqotho kuqala, ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukulungiselela ukuphusha kokugcina.
Indawo yokufa:
I-Everest Death Zone ibhekwa ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-8000 nangaphezulu, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yomoya-mpilo omncane, hhayi indawo ekahle yokukhempa, ukuze kube lula, futhi kube yingozi ngisho noma lokho kungenzeka.
Ukukhuphuka i-Everest akuyona i-adventure emfushane; kuwukuzibophezela kwezinsuku ezingama-60-70. Uhambo oluningi luhlala cishe izinyanga ezimbili, okuhlanganisa ukujwayela, ukulungiselela, nokulinda iwindi lesimo sezulu. Abaqwali kudingeka bahambe amasonto ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima, bephethe amagiya, izindawo zokuqwala izimoto, futhi balale ezinkanjini eziphakeme lapho amazinga komoya-mpilo ephansi ngokuyingozi. Ukuzinikela ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo okudingekayo kukhulu.
Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokukhuphuka i-Everest yisikhathi sangaphambi kwemvula (April-May) kanye nezinkathi zangemva kwemvula (September-October). Lawa mawindi anikeza isimo sezulu esizinzile kanye nesivinini somoya esiphansi. Kodwa-ke, abaqwali kumele baqhubeke bebekezelela amakhaza amakhulu, izivunguvungu ezingazelelwe, nomoya ohamba ngesivinini esingaphezu kuka-100 km/h. Ukubeka isikhathi i-summit push ngaphakathi kwewindi lesimo sezulu esifushane kungenza noma kuphule uhambo.
Kunemizila emibili emikhulu: umzila waseNingizimu Col osuka eNepal kanye nomzila waseNorth Col osuka eTibet. I-South Col idume kakhulu, ihlinzeka ngezinto ezingcono kakhulu, usekelo lwe-Sherpa olunolwazi, nezinketho zokuphuma eziphephile. Umzila waseNorth Col unzima ngokwezobuchwepheshe ngenxa yemimoya enamandla kodwa ugwema iKhumbu Icefall.
I-Base Camp (5,364 m) - Indawo yokuqala yokukhuphuka.
I-Khumbu Icefall (5,500–6,000 m) - I-maze eyingozi yemibhoshongo yeqhwa nama-crevasses.
Ikamu I (6,065 m) – Ukuma kokuqala okukhulu kokujwayela.
I-Camp II (6,400 m) – Advanced Base Camp in the Western Cwm.
I-Camp III (7,162 m) – Ebusweni be-Lhotse, obudinga ukukhuphuka ngentambo engaguquki.
Ikamu IV (7,925 m) – I-South Col, ikamu lokugcina ngaphambi kwengqungquthela.
Ingqungquthela (8,848.86 m) - Ukuphusha kokugcina eBalcony, South Summit, Hillary Step, kanye ne-summit ridge.
IKhumbu Icefall ingesinye sezigaba eziyingozi kakhulu, lapho ukudilika kweqhwa kuvame khona. Ikamu lesi-4 eSouth Col liphawula ukungena 'Endaweni Yokufa'. I-Hillary Step, eyake yaba ibhodlela, isalokhu iyisici esiyingqayizivele eduze nengqungquthela.
Umzila we-South Col mude kodwa unikeza ukwesekwa okungcono, kuyilapho i-North Col inemimoya enamandla nezinselele zobuchwepheshe. Ukukhetha umzila kuthinta kakhulu ubunzima nezingozi.
Abaqwali kumele babe namazinga aphezulu okukhuthazela kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, amandla emilenze, namandla. Ukuqeqeshwa kufanele kulingise izinsuku ezinde zokuhamba ngezinyawo namaphakethe asindayo ezimeni ezinomoya-mpilo omncane.
Kanye namasu okuphefumula okuphefumula okude nokulawulwayo ngaphansi kokukhuphuka okukhulu nokucindezeleka.
Uhlelo lonyaka wonke kufanele lubandakanye ukuqeqeshwa kokukhuthazela, isimo samandla, ukuzijwayeza ukuphakama, kanye nokukhuphuka kobuchwepheshe. Ukuqwala izintaba njalo, izifundo zokuqwala izintaba, nohambo lwezinsuku eziningi kubalulekile.
Futhi singancoma ukufuna isiqondiso kuchwepheshe wezokwelapha zenhliziyo kanye nomqeqeshi wokwakha uhlelo nokuqapha inqubekelaphambili unyaka wonke.
Ukujwayelana kahle kuvimbela ukugula kwe-altitude. Umqansa uhlelwa ngezinsuku zokuphumula ezindaweni ezibalulekile ukuze umzimba ukwazi ukuzijwayeza. Ngaphandle kokujwayela, ubungozi be-AMS, i-HAPE, ne-HACE bukhuphuka kakhulu.
I-High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE), I-High-Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE), kanye ne-frostbite ziphakathi kwezinsongo ezinkulu. Ulwazi lwezimpawu kanye nokusabela ngokushesha kubalulekile ukuze usinde.
Ukuqina kwengqondo kubaluleke njengamandla omzimba. Abaqwali babhekana nokuhlukaniswa, besaba izinguzunga zamaqhwa, nokungaqiniseki okuqhubekayo. Ukwakha amasu okubhekana nakho kubalulekile.
Ukulala kuvame ukuba nzima ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-7,000. Kuhlanganiswe nokukhathala, lokhu kungakhinyabeza ukwahlulela ngezikhathi ezibucayi.
Ukubekezela nokuqina kuyadingeka ukuze ubekezelele amasonto okulinda e-Base Camp ukuze uthole isimo sezulu esifanelekile.
Abaqwali abaningi abaphumelelayo ukuzimisela kwekhredithi futhi bagxile njengezici ezinqumayo zokufinyelela esiqongweni naphezu kwezinselele ezinkulu.
Ngaphambi kokuzama i-Everest, abaqwali kufanele sebezazi kakade izisekelo zokuqwala izintaba. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhamba ngokuphepha nama-crampon, ukuphatha imbazo yeqhwa, ukugunda ezintanjeni ezingashintshi, nokuhamba kahle emithambekeni yeqhwa. Lawa makhono ngokuvamile afundwa ezintabeni ezincane. Ngaphandle kwabo, ukukhuphuka kuba nzima kakhulu futhi kungaphephile.
Manje, futhi kuphoqelekile ukukhuphuka 6000 m ukuphakama futhi 7000meter ukuphakama ngaphambi kokukhuphuka i-Mount Everest.
I-Everest idinga amakhono aqinile okukhuphuka eqhweni, ikakhulukazi lapho uhamba eKhumbu Icefall nasezindaweni ezineqhwa. Ama-crampons abalulekile ekubambeni endaweni eyiqhwa, kanti amasu ezintambo ayadingeka ekukhuphukeni nokwehla emigqeni engashintshi. Umqwali kumele azizwe eqiniseka ngokusebenzisa la mathuluzi ngoba amaphutha kulezi zindawo angabulala.
Enye yezingxenye ezidume kakhulu nezithinta imizwa yomqansa ukuwela izitebhisi ze-aluminium ezibekwe emifantwini ejulile eKhumbu Icefall. Abaqwali badinga ukulinganisela, isibindi, nokwethemba imishini yabo. Abaningi abaqalayo bakuthola kusabisa, kodwa ngokuzijwayeza nokuqondiswa, kuyalawuleka.
Abagibeli kumele balungele izimo eziphuthumayo. Ukwazi ukuthi ungazikhipha kanjani emgodini noma ukusiza ozakwenu osenkingeni kubalulekile. Ulwazi lokuhlenga nokuphepha kohambo lweqhwa akukona nje ukuzikhethela—kungenza umehluko phakathi kokuphila nokufa ku-Everest.
I-Majestic View evela e-Everest Base Camp (EBC)I-Sherpas iyiqembu lohlanga oluvela eNepal, elidume ngamandla nekhono labo endaweni ephakeme. Sekungamashumi eminyaka, bebelokhu bewumgogodla wohambo lwe-Everest, bethwele imithwalo, belungisa izintambo, nabaqwaliyo abaqondisayo. Ulwazi lwabo ngezintaba nokukhuthazela ekuphakameni akunakuqhathaniswa.
Imihlahlandlela yochwepheshe kanye nama-Sherpas enza i-Everest ifinyeleleke kakhudlwana kubagibeli. Bakha amakamu, baphathe izinto, futhi baqinisekise ukuphepha ezindaweni eziyingozi. Ngaphandle kosizo lwabo, abaqwali abaningi bebezabalaza ngisho nokufika eCamp 2, ingasaphathwa eyesiqongo.
Kwa-Life Himalaya Trekking, ukuphepha kwamaklayenti kuhlala kuza kuqala. Sihlinzeka ngeziqondiso ezinolwazi, ukwesekwa okuqinile kwe-Sherpa, kanye nemishini engcono kakhulu. Isu lethu wukuqinisekisa ukuthi abaqwali bazilungiselele kahle, bajwayeleke kahle, futhi bayasekelwa kuzo zonke izinyathelo zohambo.
Nakuba abaqwali abambalwa be-elite begibele i-Everest ngaphandle kosizo lwe-Sherpa, kubantu abaningi, kuyingozi kakhulu. Ukuthwala imithwalo esindayo, ukumisa amatende, nokuphatha umoya-mpilo uwedwa endaweni enjalo kuqeda amandla. I-Sherpas inciphisa ingozi futhi ikhulise amathuba engqungquthela ephephile nephumelelayo.
Ukugibela i-Everest akuwona uhambo olufushane—ukuzinikela kwamaviki angu-6–9 kusukela ekufikeni e-Kathmandu kuya ekubuyeni kokugcina. Ubude besikhathi obunwetshiwe buyadingeka ukuze kujwayezwe, amawindi esimo sezulu, kanye nokusetha izinto endleleni. Abagibeli kufanele balungele ukuchitha amasonto ekamu, belinde izimo ezivumayo ngaphambi kokuba baye phezulu. Lokhu ukubekezela nokuguquguquka kubaluleke kakhulu njengamandla ngosuku lwengqungquthela.
Inselele yezezimali yokuqwala i-Everest inzima njengaleyo engokomzimba. Imvume yokugibela evela kuhulumeni waseNepalese yedwa ibiza cishe u-USD 11,000- 15,000 umuntu ngamunye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaqwali kumele benze ibhajethi yezinsiza zokuqondisa, ukwesekwa kwe-Sherpa, amasilinda omoya-mpilo, amagiya asezingeni eliphezulu, umshwalense wokuhamba, kanye nezindiza zamazwe ngamazwe. Sekukonke, uhambo olujwayelekile lwe-Everest lungasukela ku-USD 40,000 ukuya ku-USD 70,000 kuye ngezinga losekelo nokunethezeka okukhethiwe. I-Life Himalaya Trekking inikeza amanani asobala futhi iqinisekisa ukuthi amakhasimende aqonda kahle ukuthi utshalomali lwawo luya kuphi.
I-Logistics ku-Everest iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Wonke ama-cylinder of supplemental oxygen kumele athwalwe entabeni yi-Sherpas futhi abekwe ngokucophelela emakamu abalulekile. Ukudla, uphethiloli, amatende, nezinto zokwelapha nazo zidinga ukuthuthwa, ngokuvamile okudinga ukushintshaniswa okuningi yithimba labasekeli. Ngaphandle kokuhlela okunembayo, abaqwali bangase baswele izinto ezibalulekile ngezikhathi ezibucayi. Izinkampani ezingochwepheshe zokuhamba ngezinyawo zisingatha lokhu ngokunemba okufana nezempi, ziqinisekisa ukuthi abaqwali banakho konke abakudingayo ngesikhathi nendawo efanele.
Ukukhetha inkampani efanele yokuqwala izintaba mhlawumbe yisinqumo esisodwa esibaluleke kakhulu esithathwa umqwali ngaphambi kokuzama i-Everest. Umsebenzisi owethembekile unikeza imihlahlandlela enolwazi, ama-Sherpas anekhono, okokusebenza kwekhwalithi ephezulu, nesiko eliqinile lokuphepha. Izinkampani ezinomlando oqinisekisiwe, njenge-Life Himalaya Trekking, azigcini nje ngokukhulisa amathuba okuphumelela kwengqungquthela kodwa futhi zinciphisa izingozi ezimweni eziphuthumayo. Abaqwali babeka izimpilo zabo eqenjini abalikhethile, futhi ukwethembeka akuxoxiswana ngakho kuleli zinga le-adventure.
I-Life Himalaya Trekking inikeza ukwesekwa komuntu siqu ngaphambi kokukhuphuka ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ukulungele ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo i-Everest. Siqondisa amaklayenti ngezinhlelo zokuqina zesinyathelo nesinyathelo izinyanga, okuhlanganisa nokuqwala izintaba namajosaka asindayo, ukujima amandla, nokuqeqeshwa kwe-cardio. Futhi sihlinzeka ngomkhuba wobuchwepheshe wokukhuphuka namathiphu okusebenzisa ama-crampons, izimbazo zeqhwa, nezintambo. Kulabo abadinga ukuqondiswa okwengeziwe, sincoma iziqongo ezincane e-Nepal ukuze bathole ulwazi lokuphakama okuphezulu ngaphambi kohambo lwe-Everest.
Ukuphepha kuyinto ehamba phambili yethu. Ithimba lethu liqapha impilo yomqwali ngamunye kuzo zonke izigaba, lisebenzisa i-pulse oximeters kanye nokungena okuvamile. Siphatha amakhithi ezokwelapha, izipele komoyampilo, namafoni esethelayithi ezimeni eziphuthumayo. Sihlela ukujwayelana ngokucophelela ukuze sinciphise ingozi yokugula endaweni ephakeme futhi silandele ngokuqinile izibikezelo zezulu ukuze sigweme izimo eziyingozi. Sonke isinyathelo sohambo lwakho siklanyelwe ukunciphisa ubungozi futhi kwandiswe ukuphepha.
Ama-Sherpas ethu nabaqondisi baqeqeshwe kakhulu futhi banesipiliyoni seminyaka ye-Everest. Bamisa amakamu, baphathe izimpahla, balungise izintambo, futhi baqondise abaqwali ngokuphepha ezindaweni eziyingozi. Ulwazi lwabo ngezintaba nezimo eziphakemeyo kuqinisekisa ukuthi ngisho nendawo enzima iyalawuleka. Ngokusekelwa kwabo, abaqwali bangagxila ekongeni amandla nasekulandeleni imiyalelo yengqungquthela eyimpumelelo.
I-Life Himalaya Trekking inezinga eliphezulu lempumelelo ngenxa yokuhlela ngokucophelela, imihlahlandlela enolwazi, nezinhlelo eziqinile zokusekela. Amakhasimende ethu avame ukutusa ubungcweti beqembu lethu, ikhwalithi yemishini yethu, kanye nokunakekelwa okunikezwa ukujwayela nokuphepha. Abaningi abaqwala izintaba ababuyi kuphela ngempumelelo yokufinyelela esiqongweni kodwa futhi benezinkumbulo ezingasoze zalibaleka zohambo oluphephile nolusekelwe kahle.
Sihlela uhambo lwamaholide olungokwezifiso noluguquguqukayo ngokwesikhathi seholide lakho, izifiso ezengeziwe, kanye nezidingo zakho.
Hlela Uhambo Lwakho
Xoxa nomklami wethu Wezokuvakasha u-Shiba
Udinga usizo? Umenzeli wethu onguchwepheshe ulapha ukuze asize! Sicela ugcwalise ifomu elingezansi ukuze uqale ingxoxo futhi uxazulule imibuzo yakho ngokushesha.
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