I-Dashain Festival ingumkhosi omkhulu waseNepal. Ibuye ibizwe ngokuthi iDurga Puja noma iBijaya Dashami. I-Dashain idume kakhulu eNepal naseNdiya. Umkhosi kazwelonke wezinsuku eziyishumi nanhlanu waseNepal. I-Dashain Festival e-Nepal ingumkhosi omude futhi omuhle kunayo yonke ekhalendeni laminyaka yonke lesi-Nepalese, ogujwa abantu baseNepalese Hindu emhlabeni wonke.
I-Dashain umkhosi omude kakhulu futhi olindelwe kakhulu eNepal . Abantu babuya kuzo zonke izingxenye zomhlaba kanye nezingxenye ezahlukene zezwe ukuzogubha ndawonye. Phakathi nale nkathi yomkhosi, wonke amahhovisi kahulumeni, izikhungo zemfundo, kanye namanye amahhovisi ahlala evaliwe kulo lonke umkhosi. I-Dashain iba ngoSepthemba noma ngo-Okthoba, kusukela emasontweni amabili akhanyayo enyangeni ka-Ashwin noma kaKartik ephela enyangeni egcwele.
I-Newars yomdabu yase-Kathmandu Valley igubha i-Dashain, noma njengoba beyibiza kanjalo, i-Mwohni noma i-Durga Puja, njengomkhosi we-Newar obaluleke kakhulu wonyaka wekhalenda. Kugujwa abantu bamaHindu nabaseNewar ngokuhluka okuncane nokuchazwa kuphela, lapho usuku ngalunye kweziyisishiyagalolunye ze-NAVARATRI, eziholela osukwini lwe-10 olubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Dashami', luba nokubaluleka okukhethekile. Unkulunkulukazi uDurga kanye nokubonakaliswa kwakhe okuhlukahlukene kukhulekelwa ikakhulukazi amaHindu Newars kuwo wonke amathempeli aseKathmandu Valley.
Uhambo Lwesiko LaseNepal – Izinsuku eziyi-12
IDashain Festival ingumkhosi omkhulu waseNepal. Ibizwa nangokuthi iDurga Puja noma iBijaya Dashami. IDashain ithandwa kakhulu eNepal naseNdiya.…
Umkhosi wamaDashain ufanekisela ukunqoba kukaNkulunkulu phezu kobubi. Ezinganekwaneni zamaHindu, idemoni elibizwa ngokuthi “uMahishasura” lalidale ukwesaba eDevalok (umhlaba lapho kuhlala khona onkulunkulu), kodwa ekugcineni unkulunkulukazi “uDurga” wabulala idemoni. Unkulunkulukazi uDurga, ofanekisela ubuqhawe nobuqhawe, uyakhulekelwa futhi anikelwe imihlatshelo ukuqinisekisa intuthuko nokuchuma kwabakhulekeli.
Izinsuku zokuqala eziyisishiyagalolunye zikaDashain zikhuluma ngempi eyenzeka phakathi kwezibonakaliso ezahlukene zika- “Durga” no- “Mahishasura” . Usuku lweshumi luwusuku unkulunkulukazi “Durga” agcina emnqobile futhi wambulala futhi wanqoba ububi. Kwamanye amaHindu, lo mkhosi uphinde ufanekisele ukunqoba kukaNkulunkulu “Ram” phezu kuka-“Ravan” njengoba kulandiswa ku-Ramayana. Futhi kubalandeli “be-Shaktism” , umele ukunqoba kukaNkulunkulukazi “Parbati”.
I-Ghatasthapana (ehlwanyela i-Jamara) iphawula ukuqala kwe-Dashain. Ngokwezwi nezwi, kusho ukuhamba nge-kalasha noma ibhodwe, elifanekisela unkulunkulukazi uDurga. Iba ngosuku lokuqala lomkhosi. Ngalolu suku, i-kalasha igcwele amanzi angcwele, abese embozwa ngobulongwe benkomo bese ethungwa ngezinhlamvu zebhali. Khona-ke i-kalasha ifakwa phakathi nendawo yesihlabathi esingunxande. Umbhede osele wesihlabathi nawo uhlwanyelwe ngezinhlamvu. Umpristi ube eseqala i-puja ngokucela uDurga ukuthi abusise umkhumbi ngobukhona bakhe. Lo mkhuba ngawenza ngesikhathi esithile esihle esinqunywa ababhula ngezinkanyezi.
Unkulunkulukazi kukholakala ukuthi uhlala emkhunjini ngesikhathi se-NAVARATRI. Igumbi lapho yonke le mikhuba eyenziwa khona ibizwa ngokuthi i-Dashain Ghar. Ngokwesiko, abantu bangaphandle nabesifazane abavunyelwe ukungena ekamelweni. Ilungu lomkhaya wesilisa likhulekela i- kalasha kabili ngosuku, kanye ekuseni bese kuthi kusihlwa.
Eminyakeni yakamuva, ukufika kwesikhathi kulethe ukuhlonyiswa kwabesifazane, futhi abesifazane banomthwalo ofanayo wokwenza le mikhuba. I-kalasha igcinwa kude nokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, futhi amanzi angcwele anikezwa yona nsuku zonke, ukuze ngosuku lweshumi lomkhosi, imbewu iyobe isikhule ibe utshani obuphuzi obungamasentimitha amahlanu noma ayisithupha. Lobu tshani obungcwele baziwa ngokuthi iJamara. Le mikhuba izoqhubeka kuze kube usuku lwesikhombisa.
I-Fulpati ingumkhosi omkhulu owenzeka ngosuku lwesikhombisa lukaDashain. Ngokwesiko, ngalolu suku, i-kailasha yasebukhosini, iziqu zikabhanana, i-Jamara, nomoba okuboshwe ngendwangu ebomvu kulethwa ama-Brahmins aseGorkha, uhambo lwezinsuku ezintathu, amakhilomitha angaba ngu-169 ukusuka enhloko-dolobha, iKathmandu. UNdunankulu waseNepal ubheka umcimbi eTundikhel ngenkathi umbukiso weFulpati ulibangise esigodlweni sasebukhosini saseHanuman Dhoka. Izikhulu eziningi zikaHulumeni zihlangana ndawonye eTundikhel ukuzozibonela lo mcimbi.
Umgubho wosuku lwesishiyagalombili ubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Maha Asthami'. Ngalolu suku olujabulisayo, izinyathi, izimbuzi, izikhukhukazi, namadada kwenziwa umhlatshelo kuso sonke isizwe ngenjongo yokushweleza uKali omele igazi, ukubonakaliswa okunonya kukankulunkulukazi uDurga. Ngokufanelekile, ubusuku balolu suku bubizwa ngokuthi i-Kal Ratri (Ubusuku Obumnyama). Isigodlo esidala e-Basantapur Hanuman Dhoka, esaziwa nangokuthi i-Dashain Ghar, sisebenza ubusuku bonke ngokukhonza nemihlatshelo cishe kuwo wonke amagceke.
Phakathi kwamabili ngalo kanye lolo suku, ingqikithi yezinyathi ezingu-54 nezimbuzi ezingu-54 zinikelwa ukuze kugcinwe isiko laseDashain Ghar. Ngemva kokunikela ngegazi kuNkulunkulukazi uKali, inyama iyiswa ekhaya futhi iphekwe njengePrasad noma ukudla okubusiswe ubunkulunkulu. Khona-ke, inikelwa konkulunkulu bendlu ngezingcwecwe zamacembe amancane, futhi ngemva kwalokho, isakazwa phakathi komndeni. Ukudla lokhu kudla kucatshangwa ukuthi kuyajabulisa, futhi ngenkathi kwenziwa i-puja, kuba namadili amakhulu endlini yabantu abavamile.
Usuku lwesishiyagalolunye lubizwa ngokuthi iMahanavami. Lolu usuku lokugcina lwe-NAVARATRI. Ngalolu suku, umbuso unikela ngemihlatshelo yezinyathi ngaphansi kokubingelela kwezibhamu. Lolu suku lwaziwa nangokuthi usuku lokuzingela amademoni ngoba amalungu ebutho lamademoni ahluliwe azama ukuzisindisa ngokucasha emizimbeni yezilwane nezinyoni. EMahanavami, u-Vishvakarman, unkulunkulu wendalo, uyakhulekelwa njengoba kukholakala ukuthi zonke izinto ezisiza ekuziphilisani kufanele zigcinwe zijabulile.
Izingcweti, izingcweti, abahwebi, nabamakhenikha bakhulekela futhi banikele ngegazi lezilwane nelezinyoni emathuluzini abo, ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo nasezimotweni zabo. Kukholakala ukuthi ukukhulekelwa kwezimoto ngalolu suku kugwema izingozi zonyaka njengoba zonke izimoto, kusukela emabhayisikili, izimoto kuya emalolini, zikhulekelwa ngalolu suku oluhle. Ithempeli laseTaleju livulwa kuphela ngalolu suku lonyaka emphakathini. Ithempeli ligcwele abazinikele usuku lonke, njengoba izinkulungwane zabazinikele zihamba ziyohlonipha unkulunkulukazi ngalolu suku.
Usuku lweshumi lomkhosi 'yiDashami'. Ngalolu suku, abesifazane benza ingxube yerayisi, iyogathi, ne-vermilion. Le ngxube ibizwa ngeTika. Isikhathi esihle sale nqubo sinqunywa nababhula ngezinkanyezi. Lapho kuqala isikhathi esimnandi, abadala babeka le-tika ne-Jamara, ehlwanyelwa ngosuku lwe-Ghatasthapana, emabunzini ezihlobo ezincane ukuze bazibusise ngenala eminyakeni ezayo. Okubomvu kubuye kufanekisela igazi elibopha umndeni ndawonye.
Abadala banikeza imali encane, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Dakshina', ezihlotsheni ezincane ngalesi sikhathi, kanye nezibusiso. Lokhu kuyaqhubeka kuqashelwa izinsuku ezinhlanu kuze kube inyanga egcwele, lapho imindeni nezihlobo bevakashelana ukuze baphane izipho nokubingelela. Lo mkhuba wokuthatha i-tika kuzo zonke izihlobo ezindala (ngisho nezihlobo ezikude) usiza kakhulu ekuvuseleleni izibopho zomphakathi. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu zokuthi kungani lo mkhosi ugujwa ngomdlandla nangentshiseko. Ngosuku oluhle, inhloko yezwe inikeza i-tika emphakathini jikelele kanye nongqongqoshe.
Lolu wusuku lokugcina lomkhosi wakwaDashain. Lolu suku lwaziwa nangokuthi usuku lwenyanga egcwele. Lesi yisikhathi esihle; abadala babeka le “Tika” kanye “noJamara” emabunzini ezihlobo ezincane ukuze bazibusise ngokuchichimayo eminyakeni ezayo. Iqhubeka njalo izinsuku ezinhlanu kuze kube usuku lwenyanga egcwele. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, imikhaya nezihlobo bayavakashelana ukuze baphane izipho nemikhonzo evela ezindaweni ezikude, ngisho nabaphesheya.
Labo abangakwazi ukuya ngosuku olukhulu lwe-“Tika” noma “i-Vijaya Dashami” babevame ukuya kumdala ukuze bathole izibusiso phakathi nalezi zinsuku ezinhlanu. Lo mkhuba wokuthatha "uTika" kuzo zonke izihlobo ezindala (ngisho nezihlobo ezikude) usiza kakhulu ekuvuseleleni izibopho zomphakathi. Ngenjabulo nenjabulo phakathi kwabantu, umkhosi we-Dashain wezinsuku ezingu-15 uyaphela.
Wonke umuntu wamukelekile emkhosini weDashain, hhayi abantu baseNepal kuphela, kodwa nalabo abagubha lokhu. Sekuyiminyaka eminingi abantu bakwamanye amazwe bezimisele ukugubha lokhu nabantu baseNepal. Uma ungathanda ukuba yingxenye yomkhosi omkhulukazi, kufanele ube lapha e-Nepal ngaphambi kwe-Fulpati (5th October kulo nyaka).
Ngesizini yeDashain, kuneminye imikhosi futhi, ongabamba iqhaza kuyo ekuvakasheni okukodwa. I-Tihar (Umkhosi Wezibani) kanye nomkhosi we-Mani Rimdu eminye imikhosi emikhulu eNepal. I-Dasain ne-Tihar igujwa yibo bonke abantu baseNepalese, kodwa abantu base-Himalaya ngokuvamile bagubha uMani Rimdu.
Sihlela uhambo lwamaholide olungokwezifiso noluguquguqukayo ngokwesikhathi seholide lakho, izifiso ezengeziwe, kanye nezidingo zakho.
Hlela Uhambo Lwakho
Xoxa nomklami wethu Wezokuvakasha u-Shiba
Udinga usizo? Umenzeli wethu onguchwepheshe ulapha ukuze asize! Sicela ugcwalise ifomu elingezansi ukuze uqale ingxoxo futhi uxazulule imibuzo yakho ngokushesha.
isiZulu
Dutch
IsiJapane
Hindi
Italian
Spanish
French
German
Chinese
Korean
Arabic
Hebrew
Russian
Portuguese
Danish
Czech
Polish
Swedish