Punakha Dzong Travel Guide: Mbiri, Zomangamanga ndi Kukongola Kwauzimu

Introduction

Punakha Dzong, yomwe imatchedwanso Palace of Great Bliss, ndi linga lochititsa chidwi / nyumba ya amonke yomwe ili ku Bhutan. Ndizofunika kwambiri mbiri yakale ya chikhalidwe ndi cholowa chauzimu cha anthu a ku Bhutan. Iyi ndiye dzong yodziwika bwino, yomwe imasangalatsa anthu ndi kukongola kwake.

Ma dzong ali polumikizana ndi Pho Chhu ndi Mo Chhu, ndipo malo am'mphepete mwa mitsinje amapereka kukongola kowoneka bwino kwa dzong. Madzi othamanga amabweretsa mpweya wabwino, womwe ndi malo okongola mwachilengedwe komanso odekha ku dzong.

Pokhala dzong yachiwiri yakale kwambiri yomangidwa ndi Zhabdrung pambuyo pa Simtokha komanso dzong yachiwiri ku Bhutan, Punakha Dzong ili ndi tanthauzo lalikulu la zomangamanga. Anthu am'deralo ndi alendo amakhulupirira kuti ndi dzong yokongola kwambiri chifukwa cha zomangamanga zovuta komanso zowoneka bwino m'chigwa chobiriwira.

Kuposa kukongola kwakuthupi, Punakha Dzong ndi chizindikiro chofunikira cha chikhalidwe ndi chauzimu. Imakhala ndi zikondwerero zazikulu zachipembedzo, zochitika zachifumu, ndi zochitika zakale, ndipo yasunga chikhalidwe cholemera cha Bhutan komanso chomwe chimanyadira dziko.

Mbiri Yakale

Punakha Dzong inamangidwa mu 1637 ndi Zhabdrung Ngawang Namgyal, yemwe anabweretsa Bhutan pamodzi. Mpanda wanzeru uwu ukuyimira mgwirizano wa Bhutan pansi pa Zhabdrung Ngawang Namgyal.

Punakha Dzong ndi likulu la boma la Bhutan, lomwe likugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo olamulira ndi achipembedzo a boma la Bhutan kwa zaka mazana ambiri mpaka 1955.

Kuzindikiridwa ngati dzong kwa zochitika zina za mbiriyakale kunali kukhazikitsidwa kwa Mfumu Yoyamba ya Bhutan mu 1907. Ichi chinali chiyambi cha ufumu wolowa m'malo mwa boma umene unawonjezera kudziwika kwa dziko ndi kukhazikika kwa ndale ku Bhutan.

Ukwati wachifumu wa Mfumu Yachisanu mu 2011 inali chochitika china chomwe chinachitika mu dzong, chomwe chikuwonetsa kupitiliza ndi miyambo. Monga momwe zochitika zachifumu ndi zadziko zimachitikira kumeneko, izi zimapangitsa Punakha Dzong kukhala yofunika kwambiri. 

Kuwonjezera pa mbiri ya ndale, Punakha Dzong imakhalanso ndi phindu lachipembedzo, monga Rangjung Kharsapani, fano lopatulika lodziwonetsera lokha la Avalokiteshvara lochokera ku Tibet. Zotsalirazi zimathandizanso pamtengo wauzimu wa dzong, kukopa oyendayenda komanso cholowa chachipembedzo cha Bhutan.

Malo ndi Makhazikitsidwe

Punakha Dzong ili m'chigwa chokongola cha Punakha, chomwe chili pamtunda wa mamita pafupifupi 1200. Ili pamalo okwera kwambiri komwe kumapangitsa kuti nyengo ikhale yabwino, motero imatha kupezeka komanso yabwino kwa alendo chaka chonse.

Ma dzong ali pamalo osonkhanira a Pho Chhu ndi mitsinje ya Mo Chhu. Mitsinje iyi ndi chiwonetsero cha mgwirizano wa mphamvu za amuna ndi akazi, zomwe zimawonjezera phindu lauzimu ndi chikhalidwe cha malo awo.

Ili pamtunda wamakilomita 72 kuchokera ku Thimphu kudzera pa Dochula Pass (3,100 m), zomwe zimafunikira maola atatu pamsewu. Msewuwu umadutsamo phiri lokongola la Dochula, lomwe lili ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a mapiri a Himalaya.

Kumayambiriro kwa ulendo wodutsa pa mlatho wamatabwa wa cantilever kudutsa Mo Chhu River. Mlatho wakale umapereka mwayi wowoneka bwino komanso wozama pakati pa alendo komanso mbiri yakale komanso chikhalidwe cha dzong.

Nthawi yabwino yoyendera ndi masika (March mpaka May). Ali ndi maluwa ofiirira amtundu (Jacaranda) omwe amapanga maziko okongola a Punakha Dzong, ndikupanga chimodzi mwazithunzi zazithunzi ku Bhutan.

Architectural Marvel

Punakha Dzong ndi chiwonetsero cha zomangamanga zachi Bhutanese, zomwe zamangidwa popanda kugwiritsa ntchito misomali. Mitengo yake yokongoletsedwa ndi makoma ake opaka laimu zimasonyeza mibadwo ya ntchito zaluso komanso kulemekeza kwa Bhutan m'mbuyomu.

Zomangamanga za dzong zimadzitamandira ndi madenga agolide okhala ndi timizeremizere komanso makoma atali oyera oyera, omwe ndi okongola kwambiri pamawonekedwe awo. Zithunzi zojambulidwa mwaluso ndi matabwa zimakongoletsa kunja ndi mkati, kuwonetsa milungu yachibuda ndi zizindikiro.

Mkati mwa dzong muli nyumba zofunika kwambiri, kuphatikizapo Central Utse, kapena nsanja yapakati yomwe imayimira mphamvu yauzimu. Kuenrey (Assembly Hall) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamisonkhano yachipembedzo komanso misonkhano yayikulu yamagulu.

Mabwalo osiyanasiyana ku Punakha Dzong amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita ntchito zosiyanasiyana monga nyumba za amonke, makonzedwe, ndi miyambo. Kapangidwe kameneka kamafanana ndi udindo wa dzong ngati likulu lachipembedzo komanso mpando wa boma, wonyamula maulamuliro auzimu ndi umodzi.

Punakha Dzong yawonongeka ndi moto (1780, 1849, 1986) ndi kusefukira kwa madzi (1994), koma mphamvu zake ndizodabwitsa. Imamangidwanso kangapo, ndikusunga mawonekedwe ake oyamba komanso kufunikira kwake.

Kufunika Kwauzimu

Punakha Dzong ndi malo opatulika a Guru Rinpoche, Zhabdrung Ngawang Namgyal, ndi lamas ena oyeretsedwa. Thupi lowumitsidwa la Zhabdrung limasungidwa mkati, zomwe zimathandiza kuti dzong iyi ikhale malo opatulika aulendo. Kukhalapo kwa zotsalirazi kumapangitsa kukhala malo opatulika, kuthandiza kukokera oyendayenda ndi kusunga miyambo yolemera ndi ziphunzitso za Buddhism ku Bhutan.

Kuphatikiza apo, dzong ndi nyumba yozizira ya Central Monastic Body ya Bhutan, ndipo Je Khenpo ndiye Chief Abbot. Nthawi ino ya chaka ikuwonetsa kufunikira kwake kwachipembedzo komanso ikugwirizana ndi utsogoleri wa amonke a Bhutan ndi miyambo yachipembedzo.

Punakha Dzong imakhala ndi zikondwerero zazikulu za Buddhist, kuphatikizapo Punakha Dromche ndi Punakha Tshechu. Zikondwerero zokongolazi ndizophatikiza zikondwerero zachipembedzo ndi zikondwerero za chikhalidwe, chifukwa zimakopa anthu ammudzi ndi alendo kuti azisangalala ndi zochitika zauzimu za Bhutan.

dzong ndi chizindikiro cha mgwirizano wauzimu wa Bhutan pakati pa chipembedzo ndi boma. Kuyimba kwa amonke kumamveka m’maholo ake, motsatizana ndi bata la mitsinje yoyenda, kupangitsa mkhalidwe wamalowo kukhala wodekha ndi wopatulika.

Zikondwerero ndi Zochitika Zachikhalidwe

Punakha Dromche ndi chikumbutso cha kupambana kwa Bhutan wakale pa kuukira kwa Tibetan m'zaka za zana la 17. Mavinidwe ankhondo achikhalidwe amaseweranso nkhondo za Bhutan za m'zaka za zana la 17 ndikukondwerera mgwirizano wadziko.

Punakha Tschechu imaphatikizapo kuvina kwachipembedzo ndi masks okongola ndi zikondwerero zina zachipembedzo kukondwerera Guru Rinpoche, yemwe ndi woyera mtima wa Bhutan. Mavinidwewa amafotokoza nkhani zopatulika za moyo wauzimu ndi makhalidwe abwino ndipo amavina m’njira yochititsa chidwi, yosangalatsa kwambiri, zomwe zimachititsa kuti chikhale chikondwerero chatanthauzo chimene chimagwirizanitsa anthu a m’deralo.

Zikondwerero zonsezi zimachitika mu February kapena March malinga ndi kalendala ya mwezi wa Bhutan. Oyendayenda adzatha kulandira chikhalidwe chauzimu cha Bhutan, cholowa, zokopa alendo, ndi chisangalalo cha chikondwerero, onse atasonkhanitsidwa ku nsanja yokongola kwambiri, Punakha Dzong, yomwe imapanga matsenga amatsenga ku zikondwerero zambiri.

Momwe Mungayendere Punakha Dzong

Msewu wochokera ku Thimphu kupita ku Punakha umadutsa pa Dochula Pass (mamita 3,100). Msewuwu ndi wodabwitsa kwambiri ndi malo a Himalaya ndipo nthawi zambiri umakhala mbali ya maulendo achikhalidwe omwe amalumikiza Thimphu, Punakha, ndi Paro.

Alendo akuyembekezeka kutsatira malamulo olowera omwe amayang'ana miyambo ya Bhutan. Zovala zazitali zazitali komanso zazitali ndizovomerezeka, ndipo zipewa, magalasi adzuwa, ndi kujambula ndizoletsedwa mkati mwa akachisi ndi malo opatulika chifukwa cholemekeza chikhalidwe chawo chopatulika.

Ma dzong nthawi zambiri amakhala otsegula pakati pa 9:00 AM ndi 5:00 PM, koma amatha kutsekedwa pakakhala miyambo yapadera. Alendo amalipira Sustainable Development Fee (SDF): US $ 100 pa wamkulu usiku uliwonse; US $ 50 kwa zaka 6-11.

Zokopa Zapafupi

Imodzi mwa milatho yayitali kwambiri yoyimitsidwa ku Bhutan ndi yomwe ili pafupi ndi Punakha Dzong, ndipo imakhala mamita 160. Mayendedwewa amapereka mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a mitsinje komanso zigwa zomwe zimayenderako zosangalatsa.

Kuyenda kowoneka bwino kwa mphindi zochepa kumatha kupita ku Chimi Lhakhang, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti Temple of Fertility, komwe kumapezeka pafupi ndi dzong. Pali oyendayenda ambiri ndi alendo kuti amvetse zauzimu ndi chikhalidwe.

Khamsum Yulley Namgyal Chorten, yomangidwa ndi Amayi a Mfumukazi kuti alimbikitse mtendere wapadziko lonse lapansi, ndi malo abwino kwambiri omwe ali pamwamba pa chigwa cha Punakha. Kukhalapo kwa zomangamanga zokongola komanso malo odekha kumapangitsa kukhala malo opumula kuti awonetsere ndi kujambula zithunzi, zomwe zimapangitsa zochitika zonse za zokopa alendo zachikhalidwe kukhala zabwino kwambiri.

Dochula Pass ili panjira pakati pa Thimphu ndi Punakha, ndipo imapereka malingaliro ambiri a Himalaya. Kupitaku kumapereka mawonedwe a Himalayan ndi ma stupas 108 okumbukira omwe adamangidwa polemekeza asitikali aku Bhutan.

Nthawi Yabwino Yoyendera

Punakha Dzong imayendera bwino nthawi ya masika (March-May). Nyengo ino imadziwikanso ndi zigwa zachonde komanso zobiriwira zokhala ndi mitengo yowala ya jacaranda yomwe ili pachimake, motero imapereka chithunzi chamitundu komanso chowoneka bwino kwa alendo.

Nthawi ina yoyenera ndi autumn, yomwe ili pakati pa September ndi November. Kumwamba kumakhala kowala komanso kumawoneka bwino kuti muwone malo. Miyezi yamvula yamkuntho (June-August) imabweretsa mvula yamphamvu komanso kutsekedwa kwa misewu.

Nyengo yamvula (June-August) imapewa chifukwa cha mvula yambiri komanso kutsekeka kwa misewu. Zima (Dec-Feb) zimakhala ndi thambo lowala bwino komanso alendo ocheperako, abwino kuti azitha kuwona bwino.

Malangizo Ojambula ndi Maulendo

Punakha Dzong imawoneka bwino kuchokera m'mphepete mwa mtsinje pafupi ndi Pho Chhu Bridge, mwina kutuluka kwa dzuwa kapena kulowa kwa dzuwa. Mwachilengedwe, panyengo izi, mtundu wa dzong ndi kunyezimira kwa mtsinje kumakulitsidwa ndi kuwala kofewa kwachilengedwe, kumapanga zithunzi zochititsa chidwi.

Ma lens ambali-mbali amaperekedwa mwamphamvu kuti apeze dzong lonse ndi mawonekedwe ake mumtsinje. Kawonedwe kameneka kakuonetsa kukula ndi chilengedwe cha lingalo mkati mwa chimango chimodzi chokongola kwambiri.

Alendo sayenera kutenga zithunzi m'makachisi kapena malo ena oletsedwa popanda kufunsa chilolezo cha wowongolera. Kukhudzidwa kwa chikhalidwe ndi machitidwe ndi zipembedzo zakumaloko kumapangitsa kukhala kosangalatsa kwa anthu onse ammudzi ndi mlendo.

Kuti muwongolere zomwe mwakumana nazo, lingalirani nthawi yochezera ndi Punakha Tshechu kapena kulowa nawo kukaona zachikhalidwe kuti mumve zambiri. Kupezeka pazochitika monga Punakha Tshechu kapena kungoyang'ana zikhalidwe zina zakumaloko kudzakuthandizani kuphunzira zambiri ndikupeza cholowa cha Bhutan ndi uzimu muzochita.

Kutsiliza

Punakha Dzong ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zochititsa chidwi kwambiri za Bhutan zomwe zimaphatikiza mbiri yakale, zomangamanga zokongola, komanso zauzimu zakuya. Zomangamanga zokongolazi zikuwonetsa luso la ku Bhutan, luso lake la zomangamanga, komanso chipembedzo chake cholemera, zomwe dzikolo ndi anthu ake akhala akutsatira kwazaka zambiri.

Ma dzong ndichikumbutso chamoyo ku cholowa chauzimu ndi ndale cha Bhutan, momwe mgwirizano wachipembedzo ndi boma umaphatikizidwa. Ndikofunikirabe ku chikhalidwe cha Bhutan, miyambo, ndi chidziwitso cha dziko, zomwe zimagwirizanitsa zakale ndi zamakono. Alendowa akupemphedwa kuti apite ku Punakha Dzong mwaulemu komanso momasuka. Zochitika zokhala nawo mu chikhalidwe chake ndizosintha moyo, zimasonyeza chikhalidwe cha Bhutan ndi kuchereza alendo.