10 Zochititsa chidwi za Mount Everest

10 mfundo zosangalatsa za Mount Everest, kuphatikizapo udindo wake monga malo apamwamba kwambiri pa Dziko Lapansi, ndi kutalika kwa mamita 8,848 (29,029 ft), ndi Mount Everest ndi chifaniziro cha kukongola kwachilengedwe ndi ntchito yomwe anthu apindula. Amapezeka m'dera la Himalayan ndipo amagawana malire ndi Nepal ndi Tibet Autonomous Region ku China. Uwu ndiye misa yayitali kwambiri yotchedwa "Sagarmatha" ku Nepal ndi "Chomolungma" ku Tibet. Yakhala ikukopa mosalekeza anthu ofunafuna ulendo, okwera, komanso ofufuza padziko lonse lapansi.

Kukula kwake ndi zovuta zake zapangitsa kuti nyumbayi ikhale yotchuka chifukwa chochititsa mpikisano waukulu kwambiri. Zimakopa anthu omwe akufuna kuyesa kupirira kwawo. Malowa ali ndi kamangidwe kochititsa chidwi komanso malo odabwitsa achilengedwe. Ndilonso lopatulika kwambiri. Ndizofunikira kwa ma Shérpas am'deralo ndi mitundu ina ya Himalaya. Zomera ndi nyama zambiri zimakhala kumeneko, kuyambira m’munsi mpaka pamwamba pa phiri la X. Zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti malowa akhale osangalatsa kwambiri. 

Komabe, ngozi zomwe zilipo panopa ndi zazikulu. Zimaphatikizapo kutalika, nyengo, ndi zovuta komanso zoopsa za nthaka. Koma Everest akadali chizindikiro cha chikhumbo cha munthu. Anthu akufuna kupitiliza kuzizira padziko lapansi, koma ndi ulemu wauzimu wofanana.

Zosangalatsa 10 Zapamwamba Zokhudza Mount Everest

Zoona-1: Phiri la Everest Limadziwika kuti "Chomolungma" ku Tibet

Tanthauzo lina ndilo “Chomolungma.” Izo zikutanthauza “Mulungu Wachikazi Wadziko Lonse” or “Amayi Woyera” mu chikhalidwe cha Tibetan. Dzina limeneli limasonyeza kufunika kozama kwachipembedzo kwa phirili kwa anthu a ku Tibet. Nthano zakomweko zimawona Chomolungma kukhala umulungu komanso mtetezi wa dera. Zimaphatikizapo mgwirizano wachilengedwe ndi wauzimu wa Himalayas.

Phirili ndi lalikulu komanso lochititsa chidwi. Ndizovuta kugonjetsa. Izi zikuwonetsa kufunika kwake kuchipembedzo cha Tibetan. Dzina lakuti Chomolungma limasonyeza kulemekeza kwa anthu amderalo pa chilengedwe. Amasilira ukulu wake.

Zoona-2: Mount Everest Tsopano Ndi 8,848.86 Meters High

Kwa nthawi yaitali, asayansi ndi mayiko akhala akuchita chidwi ndi kutalika kwa phiri la Everest. Mu Disembala 2020, patatha zaka zokangana komanso kuyeza, Nepal ndi China adalengeza kutalika kwa phiri. Zili choncho Mamita 8,848.86 (29,031.7 mapazi). Kutalika kwatsopanoku kudakhazikitsidwa ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa yemwe adagwiritsa ntchito zinthu monga luso lamakono la GPS ndi GPR.

Mgwirizanowu udapangidwa kuti uthetse kusiyana kwa miyeso yam'mbuyomu. Zinalinso kuti zipereke chiŵerengero chabwino kwambiri chamakono. Kusintha uku kumatsimikizira kuti Everest ndiye msonkhano wapamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Imakamba za kuwonjezeka ndi kuchepa kwa kutalika kwa phiri chifukwa cha kusintha kwa geological ndi kusintha kwa tectonic.

Zoona-3: Kukula kwa Phiri

Phiri la Everest ndi mbali ya mapiri a Himalaya. Zimamera pafupifupi 4 mamilimita (0.16 mainchesi) chaka chilichonse. Kukula uku kumachokera ku kugunda kwa tectonic kosalekeza. Ili pakati pa mbale za Indian ndi Eurasian. Mambale amakankhirana wina ndi mzake. Kupanikizika kwakukulu kumapangitsa kuti kutumphuka kwa dziko lapansi kugwedezeke ndi kupindika. Izi zimabweretsa kukwezedwa pang'onopang'ono kwa mapiri a Himalaya. 

Ntchito ya tectonic iyi imapanganso mawonekedwe a madera ndi zivomezi. Zimapangitsa kuti derali likhale limodzi mwa malo ochita zivomezi kwambiri padziko lapansi. Kumvetsetsa kukula kwa Everest kumafuna kudziwa za kusintha kwa mbale za tectonic. Nkhope ya dziko lapansi ikusintha mosalekeza.

Mfundo 4: Mkazi Woyamba Kumsonkhano wa Everest Anachokera ku Japan

Junko Tabei anali mpainiya wokwera mapiri ku Japan. Iye analemba mbiri yake pa May 16, 1975. Iye anali mkazi woyamba kufika pamwamba pa phiri la Everest. Anakwera pamwamba pa ntchito yake ndi chilakolako ndi kulimbikira. Anali ndi maganizo ochita upainiya. Inamenyera ufulu wa amayi panthaŵi ya kukwera mapiri okwera. Tabei adatsogolera ulendowu ndi gulu la azimayi achi Japan Everest Expedition. Gulu lake linakumana ndi zovuta, kuphatikizapo chigumukire. 

Kutsimikiza kwake kolimba ndi utsogoleri wachikazi zidamuthandiza kuthana ndi zopinga izi. Anafika pamwamba ndipo tsopano ndi chitsanzo chabwino pa nkhani yokwera mapiri. Kupambana kwake kunatsegula njira kwa okwera mapiri amtsogolo. Inasonyezanso kufunika kwa kulimbikira ndi mzimu wa munthu. N’zofunika kwambiri kuti tithe kuthana ndi mavuto amene amaoneka ngati osatheka kuwathetsa. Cholowa cha Junko Tabei chimalimbikitsa okonda chidwi komanso olimbikitsa kuti pakhale kufanana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi m'magawo onse.

Mfundo-5: Everest Imagwiritsidwa Ntchito Monga Maziko a Masewera Opambana

Mount Everest ndi paradaiso wa okwera komanso malo ochitira masewera osiyanasiyana oopsa. Zimakopa anthu ofuna zosangalatsa. Amabwera ku zochitika monga skiing ndi snowboarding. Amabweranso pakudumpha kwa BASE kuchokera kuzinthu zosasunthika ngati matanthwe. Mabwalo amiyala, madontho otsetsereka, malo otsetsereka, ndi nyengo yamkuntho zimatsimikizira kuti mafani sangasangalale. Mwachitsanzo, Khumbu Icefall ndi gawo lachinyengo la Everest kukwera. Zimakopa anthu okwera madzi oundana omwe amafuna kuyenda pa nsanja zake zazikulu za ayezi ndi ming'alu yakuya. 

Komanso, mapiri a Himalaya amapereka paragliding ndi mapiko akuwulukira kumalo apadera. Othamanga amatha kudumpha kuchokera pamwamba ndikuwuluka pamwamba pa mapiri. Masewerawa ndi onyanyira komanso opanga. Amasonyeza malire a kupirira kwaumunthu ndi luso. Amawonetsanso zochitika zosiyanasiyana zamasewera ndi zokopa alendo pa Mount Everest.

Zoona-6: Phiri la Everest limakwera 40 cm Per Century

Phiri la Everest limatalika pafupifupi mamilimita 4 (0.16 mainchesi) pachaka. Izi zimawonjezera pafupifupi 40 centimita (15.7 mainchesi) pa zana. Kugundana kopitilira muyeso pakati pa mbale zaku India ndi Eurasian kumapangitsa kukula uku. Mambale akuluakuluwa amakankhirana. Chitsenderezo ndi chachikulu. Zimapangitsa kuti kutumphuka kwa dziko lapansi kugwedezeke ndikukweza mapiri a Himalaya.

Kupatula kuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono phirili, kumapangitsanso mwayi waukulu wa zivomezi. Everest amadzuka mobwerezabwereza. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti dziko lapansi likusintha mosalekeza kuchoka ku mphamvu za tectonic.

Mfundo 7: Everest Yachitika Panthawi Yoposa 9,000

Mu 1953, Sir Edmund Hillary ndi Tenzing Norgay anafika pa nsonga ya Mount Everest. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, okwera mapiri padziko lonse lapansi afikapo maulendo oposa 9,000. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, kupambana kumeneku kumasonyeza kuti kufunafuna Mt. Everest kudakali maloto otchuka komanso ovuta kwa okwera. Komabe, kukwera kudakali kovuta. Ndizovuta, ngakhale kudana ndi anthu osiyanasiyana. Zimafuna mphamvu, kupirira, ndi kukonzekera.

Okwera amakumana ndi zovuta zambiri. Izi zikuphatikizapo nyengo, kutalika, Khumbu Icefall, South Col, etc. Tourism on Everest yakhala vuto. Zachititsa kuti anthu achuluke komanso kuwononga chilengedwe cha phirili. Izi zalimbikitsa anthu kupanga maulendo ndi misonkhano yamtanda. Akufuna kukhazikitsa njira zotetezera phirili kwa mibadwo yamtsogolo.

Mfundo 8: Anthu pafupifupi 300 Amwalira pa Mount Everest

Kukwera Mount Everest ndikovuta kwambiri. Pali mwayi wa imfa. Yapha anthu pafupifupi 300. Zowopsa za kukwera kumeneku ndi nyengo yozizira, mphepo, mafunde, ndi kugwa. "Death Zone" ili pamwamba pa 8,000 metres (26,247 mapazi). Zimayambitsa ngozi zazikulu chifukwa cha kusowa kwa okosijeni, nyengo yovuta, komanso kutopa.

Mitembo yambiri ya anthu okwera phiri idakali m'phirimo. Zovutazi zimapangitsa kuchira kukhala kovuta komanso kowopsa. Ngozi zimenezi zimatikumbutsa zoopsa za kukwera malo okwera. Amasonyeza kufunika kolemekeza mapiri ndi kutsatira malamulo onse otetezeka. Komabe, okwera mapiri amabwererabe ku Everest.

Mfundo-9: Phiri la Everest lili ndi Njira Zambiri Zokwera

Pali njira zambiri zomveka zopita pamwamba pa Mount Everest. Iliyonse ili ndi zovuta zake ndi mapindu ake. Njira yotchuka kwambiri yochokera ku Nepal ndi Southeast Ridge. Lina ndi Northeast Ridge kuchokera ku Tibet.

Southeast Ridge: Njira iyi, yomwe idakwera bwino ndi Sir Edmund Hillary ndi Tenzing Norgay mu 1953, ndiyomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi. Okwera amayambira ku msasa woyambira ku Nepal. Amadutsa Khumbu Icefall, Western Cwm, ndi Lhotse Face. Kenako, amafika ku South Col asanakankhire komaliza kumsonkhano. Anthu okwera m'mwamba amadziwa njira imeneyi chifukwa cha mathithi oundana oundana, ming'alu, komanso kukwera kwa Hillary Step.

Northeast Ridge: Njirayi imayambira ku mbali ya Tibet ndipo idakwezedwa koyamba ndi gulu la China mu 1960. Okwera amakumana ndi zovuta. Izi zikuphatikizapo North Col ndi Masitepe Atatu, miyala ikuyang'ana mmwamba. Amayang'anizananso ndi njira yayitali yopita kumtunda. The Northeast Ridge ndiyovuta. Izi zili choncho chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimakumana ndi mphepo yamkuntho komanso nyengo yovuta.

Okwera amakonda njira zina, monga West Ridge ndi East Face, nthawi zambiri. Okwera mapiri ochepa amapita kumeneko kukathetsa mavuto atsopano ndikukumana ndi anthu ochepa. Mzere uliwonse umafunika kukonzekera. Iyenera kuzolowera ndikusilira phirilo. Phirili ndi lovuta kulosera.

Zoona-10: Munthu Wamng'ono Kwambiri Kukwera Phiri la Everest anali ndi zaka 13

Jordan Romero ndi wachinyamata waku America. Iye anakhala wamng’ono kwambiri kukwera Mount Everest ali ndi zaka 13 pa May 22, 2010. Romero anakwera njira ya Northeast Ridge kuchokera ku mbali ya Tibetan. Anali ndi bambo ake komanso mayi ake omupeza. Izi zokha zinali gawo la maloto ake onyamula Misonkhano Isanu ndi iwiri, mfundo zapamwamba kwambiri pamakontinenti asanu ndi awiri. Koma kupambana kwa Romero kunatsimikizira kuti ali woyenera kukwera. Zinayambitsanso mkangano ponena za zaka zoyenera kukwera koopsa koteroko. 

Otsutsawo adanena kuti akuda nkhawa ndi kuopsa kwa kukwera kwa mnyamatayo. Omuthandiza anaona kuti anasonyeza kupirira kwambiri. Anaphunzira kukwera. Kupambana kwa Jordan Romero ndi chizindikiro chabwino pakukwera mapiri. Izi zili choncho makamaka chifukwa cha achinyamata okwera mapiri. Iwo asonyeza mphamvu zawo zogonjetsa mapiri.

Zina Zosangalatsa Zokhudza Mount Everest

• Phiri la Everest Lili ndi Matali Awiri: Chodabwitsa n’chakuti phiri la Everest (phiri limodzi) lili ndi utali wotalikirapo uŵiri. Mwa awiriwa, imodzi ndi 8,848.86 m, ndipo ina ndi 8,844.43 m. Kutalika kwa 8,848.86 kumadziwika kuti kutalika kwa chipale chofewa, chifukwa kumayezedwa pamtunda wokutidwa ndi matalala. Kukweraku kudazindikirika limodzi ndi maboma a China ndi Nepal mu 2020. Mofananamo, 8,844.43 m ndi kutalika kwa geological, komwe kumadziwika kuti "Rock height." China anayeza kutalika popanda matalala kapena ayezi.
• Palibe Chimene Chimakhala Pamwamba pa Mount Everest: Pamwamba pa phiri la Everest palibe chizindikiro cha moyo. Momwemonso, palibe chomwe chimakhala pamwamba pake chifukwa cha kutentha nthawi zonse kumakhala pansi pa -20 ° C. Momwemonso, kulibe chakudya ndi madzi kumeneko. Nyengo yoyipa komanso kutsika kwa mpweya wa okosijeni sizithandizira moyo pa nsonga ya Everest.
• 1953 chinali chaka chonyadira kwa Everest wamphamvu: Edmund Hillary wochokera ku New Zealand ndi Tenzing Norgay, Sherpa wa ku Nepalese, anafika pamwamba pa Phiri la Everest koyamba pa May 29, 1953. Nthaŵiyi ndi chaka cha mbiri yakale chokwera; mkati mwa chaka, ulendo umodzi wokha wopita ku Everest pachaka unali wololedwa kwa alendo.
• Mitembo ndi yofala: Anthu okwera mapiri akamwalira pamsonkhano wawo ku Everest Base Camp, matupi awo amakhalabe m'dera lomwe adafera, chifukwa madzi oundana olimba amalepheretsa kuyika mtembowo. Choncho, zochitika za mitembo panjira yopita ku Mt.Everest ndizofala. Kuphulika, kutopa, hypoxia, ndi hypothermia ndizo zomwe zimayambitsa imfa.
• Pali "Lamulo la 2 O'clock" Kukwera Mount Everest: Kutsatira lamulo la 2 O'clock pamene mukukwera pamwamba pa Mt. Everest ndilovomerezeka. Kufika pachimake pofika 2 koloko masana ndikofunikira chifukwa cha nyengo yosayembekezereka komanso yoyipa mdera la Everest.
• Pali Kukongola Kogona pa Mount Everest: Francis Arsentiev, mkazi woyamba kukwera Mount Everest popanda mpweya. Mwamwayi, Hypothermia ndi Cerebral Edema zinamupha paulendo wake wobwerera. Kuyambira pamenepo, thupi lake lakhala likugona mwamtendere m’mbali mwa Everest, yotchedwa “Sleeping Beauty of Mount Everest.”
• Everest Yakhala Yachitika Nthawi Zoposa 9,000: Chimodzi mwazinthu zosangalatsa kwambiri za Mount Everest ndikuti adakumana ndi anthu opitilira 5000 nthawi 9000.
• Zimatenga Masabata 10 Kuti Mukwere Mount Everest: Kukwera phiri la Everest ndizovuta, monga momwe tafotokozera. Ulendowu umatenga masabata 10 mpaka miyezi iwiri kuti amalize ndikubwerera.
• Mount Everest si phiri lalitali kwambiri padziko lapansi: Mauna Kea, yomwe ili ku Hawaii (phiri lomwe latha) pamalo okwera mamita 10,200, ndiye malo okwera kwambiri padziko lapansi. Komabe, gawo la nsonga zake makamaka lili pansi pa nyanja. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, chigawo cha Mount Everest chili pamwamba pa nyanja, chomwe chili pamwamba pa dziko lonse lapansi.

Ulendo wa Mount Everest umaphatikizapo kudutsa Death Zone: Dera la imfa ndi dera lomwe lili pamwamba pa 8000m. Kuchokera ku Camp IV, pamwamba pa Mount Everest, okwera mapiri amalowa m'dera la imfa. 95% ya okwera m'derali amakumana ndi kusowa kwa okosijeni komanso kuzizira kwambiri.

Kutsiliza

Phiri la Everest ndilo phiri lalitali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Ndi umboni wa mphamvu ndi kukongola kwa chilengedwe. Imachokera ku 8,848 mamita (29,029 mapazi) kutalika. Imapereka mayeso apadera kwa okwera. Phirili limalimbikitsa mitima ya apaulendo ndi okonda zachilengedwe. Phiri lili ndi chikhalidwe chamtengo wapatali. Lilinso ndi zomera ndi nyama zosiyanasiyana. Kusintha kosalekeza kwa chilengedwe kumapangitsa kukhala kokopa kufufuza ndi kulingalira. 

Ngakhale lerolino, munthu akhoza kuwona malingaliro onga oyendayenda pakati pa okwera mapiri. Wokwera aliyense amakhala m'gulu la 'dziko' losangalatsali lomwe ndi maginito amphamvu kwa okwera. N’chifukwa chake phiri la Everest lili pachimake padziko lonse. Ili m'mphepete mwake. Kumeneko, munthu amakumana ndi mphamvu zamphamvu za Dziko Lapansi.