Jagorar Tafiya a sansanin Everest Base Flora da Fauna: Namun daji, Tsuntsaye, Furanni, Al'adu da Gidajen Sarauta na Sherpa a Hanyar

Lokacin da yawancin mutane suka ji labarin Tafiya a sansanin Everest , abu ɗaya da ke zuwa musu a rai shine tsayawa a gindin dutsen mafi tsayi a duniya, Dutsen Everest. Yawancin mutane suna tunanin wannan tafiya ce kawai don jin daɗin yanayi, tsaunukan Himalaya masu ban sha'awa, gadoji masu ban sha'awa na rataye, da ƙalubalen tafiya. Amma tafiyar EBC ba wai kawai kasada ce ta tsaunuka ba; kuma gidan tarihi ne mai rai na nau'ikan halittu na Himalayan inda mutum zai iya bincika furanni masu wuya da namun daji da ke fuskantar barazanar ɓacewa.

Da zarar ka fara tafiyarka daga garin Lukla, za ka ratsa ta ɗaya daga cikin halittun tsaunuka masu bambancin halittu a duniya. Daga dazuzzukan tsaunuka masu cike da rhododendron da filayen tsaunuka zuwa namun daji na Himalayas da ba a saba gani ba da kuma gidajen ibada na tsawon ƙarni, za ka sami sabbin abubuwan tunawa da abubuwan tunawa kowace rana a kan tafiyar a yankin Khumbu na Nepal.

Yawancin tafiyar wannan sansanin Everest Base Camp Trek Flora and Fauna Guide tana cikin Sagarmatha National Park, wani yanki mai kariya kuma sanannen wurin tarihi na duniya wanda UNESCO ta lissafa. Namun daji a cikin wannan wurin shakatawa sun haɗa da wasu nau'ikan halittu masu wuya kamar damisa mai dusar ƙanƙara, jan panda, da nau'ikan tsuntsaye sama da 200, suna mai da shi aljanna ga masoyan yanayi da masu kasada.

Dangane da yanayi, masu tafiya a ƙasa za su iya haɗuwa da dazuzzukan rhododendron masu fure a lokacin bazara, kyawawan yanayin tsaunuka a lokacin kaka, da kuma namun daji masu aiki waɗanda ke shirin hunturu. Ko da a lokacin damina, masu tafiya a ƙasa za su iya ganin furannin daji da ganyayen magani suna bunƙasa. Kowace kakar za ta ba ka mamaki da keɓancewarta, komai lokacin da ka ziyarta a nan.

Jagoran Tafiya da Fauna na Everest shine abokin tafiyarku ta duk waɗannan abubuwan, don taimaka muku gane, daraja, da kuma kallon kyawawan yanayin wannan yanki mai ban mamaki cikin girmamawa, kuma a lokaci guda, ku ji daɗin tafiyar tafiya a yankin Everest gwargwadon yadda kuke so.

Hanyar Sansanin Everest Base

Bayani game da Yankin Tafiya na sansanin Everest Base

Yanayin ƙasa na Yankin Khumbu

Tafiyar sansanin sansanin Everest tana cikin kyakkyawan yankin Khumbu, ko Everest, a arewa maso gabashin Nepal. Yankin Khumbu yana nuna kyawawan wurare masu faɗi kamar tsaunuka masu ƙazanta, ƙanƙara, koguna, dazuzzuka, da kuma mafi kyawun, shahararru Himalayas. Wannan yanki kuma gida ne ga al'ummar Sherpa, tana da nata al'adu da tarihinta daban-daban.

Duwatsun da ke yankin Khumbu suna kusa da iyakar Tibet. Daga cikin tsaunukan da aka san su kuma galibi dusar ƙanƙara ta rufe, a lokaci guda, ana iya ganin Everest, Ama Dablam, Lhotse, Nuptse, da Cho Oyu yayin da suke kan hanyar EBC. Duk da rashin kyawun yanayi, waɗannan wurare masu tsayi suna samar da yanayi na musamman inda dabbobi da tsire-tsire daban-daban ke rayuwa tare.

Tafiyar sansanin sansanin Everest ta fara ne a Lukla. Wannan ƙaramin garin tsaunuka yana da tsayin mita 2860. Daga nan, hanyar ta ratsa ƙauyukan Sherpa masu kyau kamar Phakding, Namche Bazaar, Tengboche, Dingboche, Lobuche, da Gorak Shep kafin ta isa ga EBC mai tarihi a tsayin mita 5364. Yayin da kake ƙara tsayi a hankali yayin da kake yawo a cikin ƙauyuka daban-daban kowace rana, yanayin ƙasa kuma yana canzawa a hankali.

Za ka iya ganin hanyar da ke cike da dazuzzuka cike da bishiyoyin fir, pine da rhododendron. Yayin da kake hawa sama, za ka ga ciyayi, ciyawa da kuma tsaunuka masu tsauri. Sama da mita 4000 za ka ga ciyayi kaɗan ne saboda sanyi da mawuyacin yanayi. Tsirrai kaɗan ne kawai za su iya rayuwa a cikin yanayi mai tsayi. Babban canjin yanayin muhalli ya sa tafiyar sansanin Everest ta zama ta musamman kuma mai gamsarwa.

Sagarmatha filin wasa na ƙasa

An kafa wurin shakatawa na ƙasa na Sagarmatha a shekarar 1976, wanda ya mamaye sama da murabba'in kilomita 1100, wanda ke kare tsakiyar sansanin Everest Base Camp, hanyar jagora ta flora da fauna. Wannan wurin shakatawa ya yi tarihi a shekarar 1979 ta hanyar sanya shi cikin wuraren tarihi na UNESCO saboda kyawun halitta da mahimmancin muhalli. Bayan isa Monjo, masu tafiya a ƙasa suna shiga ƙofar wannan wurin shakatawa don ci gaba da tafiyarsu zuwa tsakiyar tsaunuka.

Wannan wurin shakatawa yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kiyaye namun daji da shuke-shuke na musamman na yankin Khumbu. Nau'o'i da yawa masu ban mamaki da tsayi suna rayuwa a cikin iyakokinta, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama mafaka ga bambancin halittu na Himalayan. Saboda gudunmawar da ta bayar wajen kiyayewa, za mu iya jin daɗin kyawun halitta na asali kuma mu ba da shi ga tsararraki masu zuwa. Ba wai kawai namun daji da shuke-shuke ba, har ma yana da gidajen ibada, ƙauyuka, da wurare masu tsarki na ƙarni. Don haka, wannan wurin shakatawa yana wakiltar asalin al'adun mutanen Sherpa, yana mai da yankin Everest ya zama na musamman.

Tafiyar Sansanin Flora na Everest Base

Yankunan Ganyayyaki a Hanyar

Da zarar ka fara tafiyarka a yankin Khumbu, za ka sami damar rayuwa ta hanyar ciyayi masu canzawa sosai yayin da kake ƙara tsayi.

Dazuzzukan Ƙananan Himalayan (mita 2,500–3,500)

Dazuzzukan Himalayan da ke ƙasa suna tsakanin hanyoyin Luka, Phakding, da Monjo. Za ku iya ganin dajin Pine, Oak, Birch, Juniper, da Fir da ke cike da tsaunuka. A lokacin bazara, hanyar tana da furanni masu fure na rhododendron. Ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa da tsuntsaye suna zaune a wannan yanki.

Yankin Ƙasa da Tsaunuka (mita 3,500–4,000)

Yayin da kake ci gaba da tafiyarka zuwa Namche Bazaar, ɗaya daga cikin garuruwan da ke cike da jama'a a yankin Everest, da kuma Dingboche, za ka lura cewa dajin ya fara raguwa. Furannin Rhododendron sun mamaye wannan yanki na subalpine. Haka nan, bishiyoyin juniper, bishiyoyi masu ƙarfi, da birch suma suna yaɗuwa sosai a nan.

Yankin Alpine (Sama da mita 4,000)

Da zarar ka yi tafiya sama da ƙauyen Dingboche, za ka ga wurare masu tsauri da bishiyoyi sun ɓace gaba ɗaya. A nan, nau'ikan halittu kaɗan ne kawai masu tauri za su iya girma duk da mawuyacin yanayin yanayin tsaunuka. Za ka iya ganin ƙananan furannin tsaunuka suna girma a tsakanin duwatsun Lobuche da Gorak Shep, kamar su Gentians da edelweiss.

Bishiyoyi da Shuke-shuke da Aka Samu a Tafiyar Sansanin Everest Base

Dazuzzukan Rhododendron: Ba za ku iya magana game da furannin Himalayan ba tare da kun yi amfani da rhododendron ba, furen ƙasar Nepal. Nau'o'i 8 daban-daban na rhododendron suna girma a yankin Everest, tun daga ja mai zurfi zuwa ruwan hoda zuwa fari. Kuna iya ganin su a duk faɗin hanyar ƙasa daga ƙarshen Maris zuwa Afrilu.

Pine na Himalayan: Pine mai launin shuɗi na Himalayan wata shuka ce mai tsayi da kyau wadda take da tsayi a kan hanyar da ke tsakanin Lukla da Namche. Dogayen allurar sa suna da launin shuɗi-kore na musamman.

Juniper: Baya ga girma a yankin tsaunukan Alpine, yana kuma zama shuka mai tsarki ga al'adun Sherpa waɗanda ake amfani da itacen ƙamshi don yin turare a gidajen ibada.

Azurfa Fir: Sau da yawa ana samunsa a hade da rhododendrons a cikin yankin tsaunukan da ke ƙarƙashin tsaunuka. Wannan shukar tana bunƙasa a cikin yanayin tsaunuka masu sanyi.

Bishiyoyin Birch: Bishiyoyin Birch galibi suna girma kusa da layin sama. Suna da bawon takarda wanda ke barewa a cikin sirara, wanda ake amfani da shi azaman kayan rubutu don littattafan addinin Buddha.

Dwarf Rhododendron: Rhododendron yana canzawa zuwa ƙananan bishiyoyi waɗanda suka dace da yanayin tsaunuka. Kuna iya haɗuwa da su idan kun isa manyan tsaunuka.

Nau'in Bamboo: Suna girma a ƙasan hanyar, wanda ke ba da mafaka ga tsuntsaye da dabbobi daban-daban.

Ganye na Magunguna
Yankin Everest yana da wadataccen ganyen magani wanda mazauna yankin suka daɗe suna amfani da shi tsawon ƙarni don magance komai, tun daga cututtukan tsayi har zuwa karyewar ƙashi. Wasu daga cikinsu an jera su a ƙasa:

Yarsagumba: Wannan naman gwari mai matuƙar daraja yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyau kuma mafi tsada na magungunan Tibet, kuma kudaden shigar da yake samu a kasuwar duniya suna da yawa. Lakabinsa shine "zinariyar Himalayas".
Nettle na Himalayan: Ana amfani da wannan shukar don abinci, zare da magani. Mutane suna yin miyar nettle ta amfani da shukar kuma sana'a ce ta gida da mutane ke so sosai.
Artemisia: Ana amfani da shi don turare da kuma maganin rashin lafiyar tsayi.
Himalayan Thyme: Itace ce mai ƙamshi da ake amfani da ita wajen magance cututtuka daban-daban.

Everest Flora da Fauna

Tebur: Tsire-tsire gama gari da kewayon tsayinsu

Nau'in Shuka	Tsawon Altitude
Rhododendron	2,500-4,000 m
Pine mai launin shuɗi na Himalayan	2,000-3,800 m
Juniper	3,000-5,000 m
Azurfa Fir	2,700-4,000 m
Birch	3,000-4,500 m
Dwarf Rhododendron	3,800-5,000 m
Himalayan Thyme	3,500-5,000 m
Yarsagumba	3,500-5,000m

Kyawawan Furanni na Yankin Everest

A kan wannan Jagorar Tafiya da Fauna ta Everest Base Camp, an bayyana wasu kyawawan furanni na yankin Everest a ƙasa:

Nau'in Rhododendron: Bayan nau'in rhododendron ja da aka saba da shi, za ku iya ganin wasu nau'ikan kamar rhododendron mai furanni fari, rhododendron mai launin rawaya mai rare, da rhododendron mai ruwan hoda idan kai mai tafiya ne mai kaifi. Farin rhododendron yawanci yana girma sama da mita 3500 kuma yana fure a watan Yuni.

Poppy mai launin shuɗi na Himalayan: Ko da kai ba mai ilimin tsirrai ba ne, za ka yi farin ciki idan ka ga wannan fure. Za ka iya samun wannan fure yana fure a watan Yuli da Agusta a kusa da kwarurukan Dingboche da Chhukung.

Primulas: Yana kama da gungu masu launin ruwan hoda da shunayya masu daɗi suna bayyana bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, waɗanda ake samu a lokacin bazara da farkon bazara.

Edelweiss: Fitacciyar fure ce mai tsayin tsayi wadda ke tsiro a kan tsaunukan duwatsu da aka fallasa.

Lily na Cobra na Himalayan: Wani irin shuka ne mai ban mamaki, mai kama da ban mamaki da ake samu a ƙananan tsaunukan hanyar Everest Base Camp Trek.

Furannin Potentilla: Ana samun waɗannan ƙananan furanni masu launin rawaya a kan tsaunukan tsaunuka.

Alpine Gentians: An san wannan furen da launin shuɗi mai haske, wanda ke fure a ƙarshen lokacin rani.

Orchids na Daji: Ana samun su a cikin ƙananan dazuzzuka, lokaci-lokaci ana ɓoye su a tsakanin ciyayi masu yawa.

Mafi kyawun Yanayi don Kallon Fure

Bazara (Maris-Mayu): Bazara lokaci ne mai kyau ga furanni masu furanni masu launuka daban-daban. A wannan lokacin, yana kama da mafarkin da ya cika ga masu ilimin tsirrai da masoyan yanayi. Dabbobin rhododendrons suna kan mafi kyawun su, suna nuna mafi kyawun siffofin su. Ƙasan hanyar EBC ta zama lambun tsirrai, wanda hakan ke ƙara inganta tafiyar tafiya.

Damina (Yuni–Agusta): A lokacin damina, yanayin ƙasa yana da kore sosai, kuma furanni da yawa na daji suna fure a lokacin ruwan sama. Ko da yake ba a ɗauke shi a matsayin lokacin da ya dace don yin tafiya a ƙasa ba, don ɗaukar hotunan furanni, wannan lokacin na shekara aljanna ce, domin haske da cikawa na iya zama abin mamaki idan aka danna hotunan bayan ruwan sama.

Nasihu kan Ɗaukar Hotunan Fure

Ɗaukar hotuna da sanyin safiya
Yi amfani da ruwan tabarau na macro duk lokacin da zai yiwu don ɗaukar cikakkun bayanai na furen
Kada ku taka kan ciyayi masu rauni a tsaunukan Alpine
Nemi furanni masu rufe da raɓa a lokacin fitowar rana
Yi amfani da matatar polarizing don rage haske a kan ganyen da ke da kakin zuma
Ku sauka ƙasa don ɗaukar hotunan rhododendron

Tafiyar Sansanin Namun Daji na Everest Base

An Gano Dabbobi Masu Shayarwa a Yankin Everest

Duk da cewa yankin Khumbu yana da yanayi mai tsauri da rashin kwanciyar hankali, yankin Everest yana tallafawa nau'ikan namun daji da dama, waɗanda wasu daga cikinsu an jera su a ƙasa a cikin wannan Jagorar Tafiya da Fauna ta Everest Base Camp:

Himalayan Tahr: Ita ce dabbar da za ku haɗu da ita a lokacin tafiyar. Tana da launin ja-ja, ƙaho mai lanƙwasa, da kuma gashin kai na musamman ga mazan da suka manyanta. Suna kiwo a kan tsaunuka tsakanin mita 3000 zuwa 4500 kuma ana ganinsu a kusa da Namche da Tengboche.

Barewa Mai Kitse: Ita ƙarama ce kuma mai jin kunya wadda ta fi barewa ƙanƙanta. Barewa mai kitse tana da karnuka na musamman masu kama da saber. Damar da za ku samu ita ce da sassafe kusa da dajin Phakding da garin Namche.

Himalayan Goral: Dabba ce mai kama da awaki wacce galibi ana samunta a kan tsaunuka masu tsayi.

Himalayan Serow: Haka kuma barewa ce da ake samu a kan tsaunukan dutse da kuma cikin dazuzzuka masu yawa.

Pika: Haka kuma an fi saninsa da zomo na dutse. Yana zaune a kan filayen duwatsu a manyan tuddai. Har ma za ka iya jin ƙarar su mai tsayi tana ratsa kwarin tsaunuka yayin da suke tafiya idan hanyar ba ta cika da mutane ba.

Marten mai launin rawaya: Dabba ce mai launi mai saurin motsi wadda take da sauri kuma mai hawan dutse mai kyau.

Himalayas Weasel: Su ƙananan dabbobi ne masu saurin gudu da ake samu a cikin dazuzzukan yankin tsaunuka.

Damisa Mai Dusar ƙanƙara (Mai Rare): Ita ce ɗaya daga cikin dabbobin da ba kasafai ake samun su ba, waɗanda ke da launin fata mai kauri da kuma ɓoyewa mai kyau. Yiwuwar ganin wannan dabbar ba ta da yawa.

Jajayen Kare: Dabba ce mai wayo wacce aka fi samu a manyan kwaruruka na Khumbu.

Beyar Baƙi ta Himalaya (Mai Rauni Sosai): Dabba ce mai ƙarfi da ake samu a ƙananan dazuzzukan yankin Khumbu. Yawanci tana guje wa ayyukan ɗan adam, don haka ganinta ba kasafai yake faruwa ba.

Tsuntsayen Himalayan na Everest

Cikakken Jerin Dabbobin Tafiya a sansanin Everest Base

animal	Sunan Kimiyya	Damar Ganin
Himalayan Tahr	Hemitragus jemlahicus	Common
Musk Deer	Moschus chrysogaster	matsakaici
Goral	Naemorhedus goral	matsakaici
Serow	Capricornis thar	rare
Pika	Ochotona roylei	Common
Fox ja	vulps vulps	Lokaci-lokaci
Snow Leopard	Panthera ku	Ba kasafai ake samu ba
Himalayas Weasel	Mustela sibirica	rare
Marten mai launin rawaya	Martes flavigula	Lokaci-lokaci

Tafiyar Tsuntsayen Everest Base Camp

Dalilin da yasa Everest Aljanna ce ta Masu Kallon Tsuntsaye

Akwai nau'ikan tsuntsaye sama da 200 da ke zaune a wurin shakatawa na ƙasa na Sagarmatha. Haɗuwar nau'ikan wurare daban-daban, ciki har da dazuzzuka masu yawa, ciyayi masu tsayi, kwaruruka na koguna, da tsaunuka, sun zama wurin zama mai kyau ga tsuntsaye. Saboda haka, Everest aljanna ce ta masu lura da tsuntsaye.

Tsuntsaye Mafi Yawan da Aka Fi Yi a Hanyar

Wasu daga cikin tsuntsayen da aka fi samu a kan hanyar an bayyana su a cikin Jagorar Tafiya da Fauna ta Everest Base Camp a ƙasa:

Himalayan Monal: Ita ce tsuntsun ƙasar Nepal, tana da siffofi masu sheƙi masu launuka daban-daban. Kuna iya ganin su a cikin dazuzzukan Namche da Tengboche.

Fisken Jini: Wannan tsuntsu yawanci ana samunsa a dazuzzukan rhododendron sama da mita 3000. Tsarin ja da kore na tsuntsayen maza yana da ban sha'awa sosai har ba za ka iya ɗaukar su a matsayin wani abu daban ba.

Kurciya Mai Dusar ƙanƙara: Wannan nau'in yana zaune a manyan tsaunuka kuma cikin sauƙi ana gane shi da gashinsa mai launin toka mai haske. Yawanci ana ganin wannan tsuntsu yana tashi a cikin garken dabbobi a kusa da ƙauyuka da tsaunuka.

Babban Dattijai: Tsuntsu ne mai ban sha'awa na Himalayas wanda mazan suke da shuɗi mai haske, yayin da mata kuma suke da launin ruwan kasa.

Mikiya Mai Zafi: Ita ce ɗaya daga cikin manyan tsuntsayen farauta da ke tashi a cikin tsaunukan Himalayas tare da ƙwarewar farauta mai zurfi, wanda za a iya gani yana tashi sama da kwaruruka da tsaunuka.

Lammergeier (Gulture Mai Gemu): Wannan tsuntsun yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan tsuntsayen farauta a duniya, yana da tsawon fikafikai masu tsawon mita 3.

Chough mai launin rawaya: Su tsuntsaye ne masu tsayin tsayi tare da baki mai haske mai launin rawaya wanda aka fi gani a ƙauyukan yankin Everest.

Tsuntsun Sun Mai Tafin Wuta: Ƙaramin tsuntsu ne mai launuka masu kyau wanda aka saba gani a yankunan ƙananan dazuzzuka. Dangane da mazan, suna da gashin fuka-fukai masu kyau da ja, kuma babban abincinsu shine ruwan zuma.

Ja-Billed Chough: Jikin wannan sanannen tsuntsun dutse baƙi ne mai sheƙi yayin da bakinsa ja ne mai haske da lanƙwasa. Yawanci yana tashi a ƙananan ƙungiyoyi ko kuma nau'i-nau'i biyu.

Ungulu na Himalaya Griffon: Tsuntsu ne mai cin nama wanda galibi yake cin naman shanu. Hakanan yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsaftace bambancin halittu na tsaunuka.

Al'adun Sherpa Tare da Hanyar Everest

Cikakken Jerin Tsuntsaye don Tafiya ta EBC

Irin Tsuntsaye	Mafi Matsayi
Himalayan Monal	Namche-Tengboche
Maganin Jini	Yankin Tengboche
Dusar ƙanƙara Pigeon	Dingboche
Grandala	Lobuche
Golden Eagle	Pheriche
Lammergeier	Tengboche
Chough mai launin rawaya	Duk Hanyar
Tsuntsun Sunbird Mai Wutsiya Mai Wuta	Ƙananan Dazuzzuka
Chough mai launin ja	Babban Altitudes
Himalayan Griffon	Buɗaɗɗen Kwaruruka

Tukwici na Hoton Tsuntsaye

Sanya na'urar hangen nesa (binoculars) don ganin nesa
Ku zo da ruwan tabarau mai girman 300mm ko 400mm
Daukar hoto a lokacin zinare, wanda shine lokacin fitowar rana da faɗuwar rana
Ka yi haƙuri kuma ka guji motsin gaggawa
Koyi sautin kiran tsuntsaye na yau da kullun

Mafi kyawun Yanayi don Ganin Flora da Fauna

bazara (Maris-Mayu)
Wannan shine lokacin tafiya mafi shahara, kuma saboda kyawawan dalilai. Dabbobin rhododendrons suna fure, tsuntsayen da ke ƙaura suna dawowa, kuma dabbobi masu shayarwa suna aiki sosai. Hanyar tana da haske da launi da motsi. Yanayin gabaɗaya yana da kwanciyar hankali, kuma ganuwa kafin gajimare kafin lokacin damina ta fara bayyana yana da kyau sosai.

Rani/Damina (Yuni-Agusta)
Damina tana canza yanayin ƙasa zuwa wani abu mai ƙarfi, kusan kore mai ƙarfi. Furanni na daji suna kan kololuwarsu, ruwan sama yana bayyana a kowane gefen tudu, kuma hasken yana da wani yanayi mai cike da haske wanda masu daukar hoto ke so—idan za su iya jure ruwan sama. Leech ya zama ruwan dare a ƙananan tsaunuka.

Kaka (Satumba-Nuwamba)
Lokacin bayan ruwan sama yana kawo sararin samaniya mai haske da kuma mafi kyawun kallon tsaunuka na shekara. Kallon tsuntsaye yana da kyau yayin da nau'ikan tsuntsaye masu ƙaura ke ratsawa, kuma yanayin yana da kyau sosai a watan Oktoba da Nuwamba.

Winter (Disamba-Fabrairu)
Tafiyar hunturu mai sanyi, shiru, da wahala, tana ba da kaɗaici da kuma wani irin kyau daban. Dusar ƙanƙara tana rufe tsaunuka masu tsayi, kuma wasu namun daji, kamar damisar dusar ƙanƙara, na iya saukowa zuwa ƙananan tsaunuka don neman abin farauta.

Teburin Kwatanta Yanayi

Sa'a	Flora	namun daji	Birdwatching	Duba wuraren tsaunuka
spring	m	m	m	Very Good
Rani/Damina	m	Good	Good	Limited
Autumn	Good	Very Good	m	m
Winter	Limited	Good	matsakaici	m

Jagorar Al'adun Sherpa Tare da Tushen Everest Sansani Tafiya Tafiya Flora da Fauna

Wanene Sherpas?
Mutanen Sherpa mazaunan kwarin Khumbu ne. Ana kyautata zaton suna da asalin kakanninsu waɗanda za a iya samo su daga Tibet ƙarnuka da yawa da suka gabata. Duk da cewa kalmar "Sherpa" galibi ana danganta ta da hawan Himalayan, a zahiri ƙungiya ce ta musamman da ke da nasu harshe, al'ada, sutura, da tarihi. Yawancin Sherpa suna gudanar da rayuwarsu ta hanyar haɗakar yawon buɗe ido, noma, dabbobi, noma, da ciniki.

Al'adun Sherpa

Rayuwar Sherpa tana da alaƙa da al'adun iyali, ƙauye, da kuma gidajen ibada. Yawancin mazauna ƙauyen har yanzu suna dogara ne akan noman amfanin gona kamar buckwheat da dankali. Suna kuma kiwon dabbobi kamar yaks da dzopkyos (nau'ikan yaks da shanu). Al'ummar Sherpa an san ta sosai saboda karimcinta mai kyau, wanda ke sa baƙi su ji kamar nasu.

Gidajen Gargajiya na Sherpa

Yawancin gidajen gargajiya na Sherpa an gina su ne da dutse, wanda ke da ƙarfi sosai don jure wa yanayi mai tsauri na tsaunuka. Gidajen suna da rufin lebur da manyan tagogi inda hasken rana zai iya wucewa a lokacin sanyi. A saman rufin gidaje, suna sanya tutocin addu'o'i masu launuka iri-iri waɗanda ke shawagi a cikin iska, suna nuna al'adar ruhaniya mai zurfi.

Abincin Sherpa

Abincin Sherpa yana da sauƙi, lafiya, kuma mai gamsarwa. Abincin Sherpa mafi shahara sune Thenthuk (miyar taliya ta gargajiya), Tsampa (gasasshen garin sha'ir), stew na Sherpa, da shayin man shanu. Dankali kuma muhimmin sashi ne na abincin yau da kullun, wanda ake dafawa ta hanyoyi da dama.

Bukukuwan Sherpa

Bikin Mani Rimdu: Wannan biki yana faruwa ne a gidan ibada na Tengboche, wanda ke gudana na tsawon kwanaki 3. Yana nuna raye-raye na musamman da aka rufe da abin rufe fuska, al'adu, da waƙoƙin gargajiya.

Bikin Dumji: Bikin bazara ne da ake yi a Namche da Khumjung, wanda ke bikin zagayowar ranar haihuwar Guru Rinpoche, wanda shi ne ya kafa addinin Buddha na Tibet.

Lhosar (Sabuwar Shekarar Tibet): Ana yin bikin ne a watan Fabrairu ko Maris da addu'o'i, sake haɗuwa da iyali, bukukuwa da shirye-shiryen gargajiya.

Shahararrun Gidajen Tarihi Tare da Tafiya a sansanin Everest Base Camp

Gidan ibada na Tengboche: Shi ne gidan ibada mafi girma a yankin Everest wanda ke cikin ƙauyen Tengboche. Kuna iya ganin kyawawan duwatsu a ko'ina daga nan.

Gidan ibada na Pangboche: Shi ne gidan ibada mafi tsufa a yankin Khumbu, mutanen yankin suna girmama shi sosai saboda bukatunsu na ruhaniya.

Gidan Sufaye na Khumjung: Yana cikin ƙauyen Khumjung, wanda ya shahara da gina wurin ajiye kayan tarihin fatar kan Yeti.

Gidan ibada na Thame: Yana ɗaya daga cikin gidajen ibada masu kwanciyar hankali a Nepal tare da wasu 'yan sufaye da masu ibada kaɗan, wanda ke kusa da babban hanyar EBC.

Gidan ibada na Kunde: Yana kusa da ƙauyen Kunde , wanda ke sama da garin Namche Bazaar. Kuna iya ganin rayuwar addini ta yau da kullun ta al'ummomin Sherpa a nan.

Jagorar Ziyarar Ɗabi'ar Sufaye a kan wannan sansanin Everest Base Camp Trek Flora da Fauna

Sanya riga mai laushi wacce ta rufe kafadu da gwiwoyi
Neman izini kafin ɗaukar hoto a gidan sufi
Juya tayoyin addu'a da kuma tafiya a kusa da wawaye a alkiblar agogo
Cire takalma kafin shiga babban zauren addu'a
Yin magana a hankali idan akwai addu'o'i ko al'adu da ke faruwa a lokacin ziyara

Alamomin Buddha da Gado na Ruhaniya

A kan wannan Jagorar Tafiya da Fauna ta Everest Base Camp, zaku iya koyan alamomin Buddha da gado na ruhaniya, waɗanda aka yi bayani a taƙaice a ƙasa:

Tutocin Sallah: Tafiyar tana cike da tutocin addu'o'i masu launuka iri-iri waɗanda za su yi ta shawagi a cikin iska. Ana tsammanin idan suka yi shawagi, suna fitar da albarka a cikin muhalli.
Duwatsun Mani: Sau da yawa ana ganin su a layi a kan hanyoyin shiga da kuma hanyoyin ƙauye. Duwatsu ne da aka sassaka da mantra mai suna Om Mani Padme Hum. Ya kamata ka ajiye su a gefen dama yayin da kake tafiya.

Chortens da Stupas: Su gine-gine ne masu siffar kumfa waɗanda ke ɗauke da kayan tarihi na Buddha.

Tayoyin Addu'a: Suna ɗauke da rubuce-rubuce masu tsarki waɗanda ya kamata a juya su a hankali.

Duwatsu Masu Tsarki da Imani: Ga Sherpas, waɗannan duwatsu ba kawai wuraren ƙasa ba ne, masauki ne na alloli, don haka yawancin masu hawan dutse na Sherpa galibi suna yin puja kafin su tafi kowace tafiya mai tsayi.

Yawon Bude Ido na Namun Daji da Al'adu Mai Inganci

Ga abubuwan da za ku iya koya daga wannan Jagorar Tafiya da Fauna ta Everest Base Camp:

Ka'idojin Kada a Bar Alama: Ya kamata ka ɗauki alhakin sharar da ka kawo ba tare da ka jefa ta cikin sakaci ba. Za ka iya amfani da gwaje-gwaje masu kyau don guje wa lalata tsire-tsire masu rauni.

Girmama Al'ummomin Yankin: Idan ka ziyarci gidan sufi da ƙauye, ya kamata ka girmama su koyaushe kuma ka yi ladabi. Kada ka danna hotuna ba tare da ka tambaye su ba tukuna.

Kare Gidajen Namun Daji: Idan kana tafiya, kawai ka yi tafiya a kan hanyoyi masu alama kuma ka guji duk wata hanya da jagoranka bai ba da shawarar ba. Hakazalika, bai kamata ka taɓa ciyar da dabbobin daji ba.

Tallafawa Kasuwancin Sherpa na Gida: Kuna iya ɗaukar hayar jagorori da masu ɗaukar kaya na gida, da kuma zaɓar gidajen shayi na gida tare da taimakon hukumar yawon shakatawa.

Tafiya ta Everest Trek Furannin Daji

Kammalawa na Tafiya da Fauna a sansanin Everest Base

Tafiyar sansanin Everest Base ba wai kawai wani abin mamaki bane na yanayin tsaunuka. Yayin da kake can za ka ratsa cikin dazuzzuka masu ban sha'awa, ka sami wasu dabbobin Himalayan da ba kasafai ake samu ba, da kuma al'adun Sherpa na gaske. Hakanan za a sami abubuwan ruhaniya tare da tsoffin gidajen ibada, tutocin addu'o'i, ganuwar mani da ƙauyuka.

Sauye-sauyen yanayin ƙasa suna da ban mamaki yayin da kake ƙara tsayi; dukkan nau'ikan yanayin ƙasa da kyawawan ra'ayoyi suna zuwa ɗaya bayan ɗaya. Kuna iya cin karo da tsuntsaye masu launuka iri-iri, furanni masu tsayi da kuma rayuwar gargajiya da aka kare tsawon shekaru. Isa ga EBC da kanta yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan nasarorin da mutane da yawa suka samu, amma abin da suka fi tunawa da shi shine flora da fauna, al'adun Sherpa da rayuwarsu ta yau da kullun.

FAQ Sashe

Waɗanne dabbobi ne za ku iya gani a Tafiyar Sansanin Everest Base (EBC)?
Za ku iya ganin namun daji masu ban sha'awa iri-iri kamar Himalayan tahr, jajayen fata, Himalayan weasel, yellow-throated marten, pika, goral, musk deer, da sauransu.
Akwai damisa a cikin yankin Everest?
Eh, akwai damisa na dusar ƙanƙara a yankin Everest, amma ganin ɗaya abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare gama gari. Duk da haka, mafi kyawun damar ganinsa na iya zama a lokacin hunturu, idan kuna da sa'a sosai.
Wane lokaci ne mafi kyawun lokacin ganin rhododendrons a kan tafiya ta EBC?
Afrilu, Mayu, da ƙarshen Maris sune lokacin bazara. Wannan shine lokacin shekara lokacin da za ku iya ganin furannin rhododendrons masu fure a kan hanyoyin da aka lulluɓe da furanni masu launuka iri-iri.
Nau'in tsuntsaye nawa ne ke zaune a wurin shakatawa na ƙasa na Sagarmatha?
A cewar bayanai na yanzu, an ruwaito nau'ikan tsuntsaye sama da 200 a wurin shakatawa, ciki har da tsuntsayen Himalayan da dama.
Wane gidan ibada ne ya fi shahara a kan Tafiyar sansanin Everest Base Camp?
Gidan ibada na Tengboche shine gidan ibada mafi shahara da aka ziyarta a sansanin Everest Base Camp Trek Flora and Fauna Guide. Wannan gidan ibada kuma ana ɗaukarsa ɗaya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin ruhaniya na yankin Khumbu.
Za ku iya ziyartar gidajen ibada a lokacin tafiyar?
Hakika, masu yawon bude ido za su iya ziyartar kusan dukkan gidajen ibada a lokacin tafiyar. Amma yana da muhimmanci a yi ado mai kyau. Wasu daga cikinsu na iya karɓar ƙananan kuɗi don shiga.
Menene tsuntsun ƙasar Nepal?
Tsuntsun Himalaya (Danphe) tsuntsu ne na ƙasar Nepal.
Menene furen ƙasar Nepal?
Rhododendron (Rhododendron arboreum) fure ne na ƙasar Nepal wanda aka fi sani da Lali Guras a Nepal. Wannan furen yana girma da launin ja, ruwan hoda, da fari a gefen tsaunukan Himalayas a lokacin bazara.
Akwai tsire-tsire masu magani a kan hanyar EBC?
Hakika, a kusa da hanyoyin Everest Base Camp Trek (EBC), akwai tsire-tsire da yawa na likitanci kamar Yarsagumba, Himalayan nettle, artemisia, da Thyme.
Ta yaya masu tafiya a ƙasa za su iya taimakawa wajen kare namun daji da al'adun Everest?
Masu tafiya a ƙasa za su iya ba da gudummawa kawai ga kiyaye namun daji da al'adun Everest ta hanyar tafiya a kan hanyoyin da aka yi wa alama ba tare da damun dabbobi ba. Baya ga guje wa tsoma baki cikin yanayi da kuma girmama al'adun al'ummomin yankin, ya kamata, mafi mahimmanci, su kwashe sharar da suke samarwa tare da su a kan tsaunuka.

Jagorar Tafiya a sansanin Everest Base Flora da Fauna: Namun daji, Tsuntsaye, Furanni, Al'adu da Gidajen Sarauta na Sherpa a Hanyar